Detects human S100A8/S100A9 in direct ELISAs. In ELISAs, it detects recombinant human S100A8/S100A9 heterodimer but it does not detect recombinant human S100A8 or S100A9 monomers.
Detection of S100A8/S100A9 Heterodimer in Human PBMCs by Flow Cytometry.
Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were stained with Mouse Anti-Human CD14 PE-conjugated Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # FAB3832P) and either (A) Mouse Anti-Human S100A8/S100A9 Heterodimer Alexa Fluor® 647-conjugated Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # IC9337R) or (B) Mouse IgG2AAlexa Fluor 647 Isotype Control (Catalog # IC003R). To facilitate intracellular staining, cells were fixed with Flow Cytometry Fixation Buffer (Catalog # FC004) and permeabilized with Flow Cytometry Permeabilization/Wash Buffer I (Catalog # FC005). View our protocol for Staining Intracellular Molecules.
Formulation, Preparation and Storage
Purification
Protein A or G purified from hybridoma culture supernatant
Formulation
Supplied in a saline solution containing BSA and Sodium Azide.
Shipping
The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage
Protect from light. Do not freeze.
12 months from date of receipt, 2 to 8 °C as supplied.
Plan Your Experiments
Use our spectra viewer to interactively plan your experiments,
assessing multiplexing options. View the excitation and emission spectra
for our fluorescent dye range and other commonly used dyes.
S100A8 (also known as MRP8, Calgranulin A, and CP-10) and S100A9 (also known as MRP14 and Calgranulin B) are pro-inflammatory members of the S100 family of secreted calcium binding proteins (1, 2). They are up-regulated in neutrophils and monocytes at sites of inflammation (e.g. psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, cardiac ischemia) and are present at elevated concentrations in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fluid (3-5). The 10 kDa human S100A8 and 14 kDa S100A9 each contain two EF‑hand calcium binding motifs. Human S100A8 shares 57% and 61% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat S100A8, respectively. Human S100A9 shares 57% and 62% amino acid sequence identity with mouse and rat S100A9, respectively (6, 7). In the presence of calcium or zinc, S100A8 and S100A9 associate into non-covalent homodimers and 34-35 kDa heterodimers with each other (8-10). The heterodimer additionally binds and sequesters manganese, thereby restricting the growth of Mn-dependent bacteria (11). The S100A8/A9 heterodimer exhibits functions beyond those performed by the individual proteins. These include binding to fatty acids such as arachidonic acid and promoting astrocyte proliferation (3, 12). S100A8, S100A9, and the heterodimer each promote neutrophil infiltration into sites of inflammation and inflammatory cytokine production by monocytes (4, 5, 9).
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References
Averill, M.M. et al. (2012) Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 32:223.
Vogl, T. et al. (2012) Int. J. Mol. Sci. 13:2893.
Siegenthaler, G. et al. (1997) J. Biol. Chem. 272:9371.
Sunahori, K. et al. (2006) Arthritis Res. Ther. 8:R69.
Volz, H.C. et al. (2012) Basic Res. Cardiol. 107:250.
Odink, K. et al. (1987) Nature 330:80.
Dorin, J.R. et al. (1987) Nature 326:614.
Teigelkamp, S. et al. (1991) J. Biol. Chem. 266:13462.
Ryckman, C. et al. (2003) J. Immunol. 170:3233.
Vogl, T. et al. (2006) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1763:1298.
Damo, S.M. et al. (2013) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 110:3841.
Ryu, M-J. et al. (2012) J. Biol. Chem. 287:22948.
Long Name
S100 Calcium Binding Protein A8/S100 Calcium Binding Protein A9
Entrez Gene IDs
6279 (Human)
Alternate Names
60B8AG, CAGA, CFAG, CGLA, CP-10, Calprotectin, Calprotectin L1L subunit, Cystic fibrosis antigen, L1AG, Leukocyte L1 complex light chain, MA387, MIF, MRP8, Migration inhibitory factor-related protein 8, NIF, S100-A8, S100A8/S100A9 Heterodimer, Urinary stone protein band A, calgranulin A, p8, protein S100-A8
Product Specific Notices
This product is provided under an agreement between Life Technologies Corporation and R&D Systems, Inc, and the manufacture, use, sale or import of this product is subject to one or more US patents and corresponding non-US equivalents, owned by Life Technologies Corporation and its affiliates. The purchase of this product conveys to the buyer the non-transferable right to use the purchased amount of the product and components of the product only in research conducted by the buyer (whether the buyer is an academic or for-profit entity). The sale of this product is expressly conditioned on the buyer not using the product or its components (1) in manufacturing; (2) to provide a service, information, or data to an unaffiliated third party for payment; (3) for therapeutic, diagnostic or prophylactic purposes; (4) to resell, sell, or otherwise transfer this product or its components to any third party, or for any other commercial purpose. Life Technologies Corporation will not assert a claim against the buyer of the infringement of the above patents based on the manufacture, use or sale of a commercial product developed in research by the buyer in which this product or its components was employed, provided that neither this product nor any of its components was used in the manufacture of such product. For information on purchasing a license to this product for purposes other than research, contact Life Technologies Corporation, Cell Analysis Business Unit, Business Development, 29851 Willow Creek Road, Eugene, OR 97402, Tel: (541) 465-8300. Fax: (541) 335-0354.
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