Cytokeratin, pan Antibody (AE-1/AE-3) - IHC-Prediluted
Novus Biologicals, part of Bio-Techne | Catalog # NBP2-48225
Conjugate
Catalog #
Forumulation
Catalog #
Key Product Details
Species Reactivity
Human, Mouse, Rat, Bovine, Canine, Chicken, Monkey, Rabbit, Reptile, Zebrafish
Applications
Immunohistochemistry, Immunohistochemistry-Frozen, Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin
Label
Unconjugated
Antibody Source
Monoclonal Mouse IgG1 Kappa/IgG1 Kappa Clone # AE-1/AE-3
Format
IHC-Prediluted
Concentration
Please see the vial label for concentration. If unlisted please contact technical services.
Product Specifications
Immunogen
Human epidermal keratin
Reactivity Notes
Reptile reactivity reported in scientific literature (PMID: 11351328). Zebrafish reactivity reported in scientific literature (PMID: 30970016).
Localization
Cytoplasmic
Specificity
Twenty human keratins are resolved with two-dimensional gel electrophoresis into acidic (pI 6.0) subfamilies. This antibody cocktail recognizes acidic (Type I or LMW) and basic (Type II or HMW) cytokeratins, which 67kDa (CK1); 64kDa (CK3); 59kDa (CK4); 58kDa (CK5); 56kDa (CK6); 52kDa (CK8); 56.5kDa (CK10); 50kDa (CK14); 50kDa (CK15); 48kDa (CK16); 40kDa (CK19). Many studies have shown the usefulness of keratins as markers in cancer research and tumor diagnosis. AE-1/AE-3 is a broad spectrum anti pan-cytokeratin antibody cocktail, which differentiates epithelial tumors from non-epithelial tumors e.g. squamous vs. adenocarcinoma of the lung, liver carcinoma, breast cancer, and esophageal cancer. It has been used to characterize the source of various neoplasms and to study the distribution of cytokeratin containing cells in epithelia during normal development and during the development of epithelial neoplasms. This antibody stains cytokeratins present in normal and abnormal human tissues and has shown high sensitivity in the recognition of epithelial cells and carcinomas.
Marker
Epithelial Marker
Clonality
Monoclonal
Host
Mouse
Isotype
IgG1 Kappa/IgG1 Kappa
Description
The prediluted antibody does not require any mixing, dilution, reconstitution, or titration; the antibody is ready-to-use and optimized for staining.
Scientific Data Images for Cytokeratin, pan Antibody (AE-1/AE-3) - IHC-Prediluted
Immunohistochemical Staining of Cytokeratin, pan in Paraffin Embedded Human Colon Carcinoma
Analysis using Azide and BSA Free version of NBP2-48225. Human Colon Carcinoma stained with pan Cytokeratin Monoclonal Antibody cocktail (AE-1/AE3).Applications for Cytokeratin, pan Antibody (AE-1/AE-3) - IHC-Prediluted
Application
Recommended Usage
Immunohistochemistry
Optimal dilutions of this antibody should be experimentally determined.
Immunohistochemistry-Frozen
Optimal dilutions of this antibody should be experimentally determined.
Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin
Optimal dilutions of this antibody should be experimentally determined.
Application Notes
The staining pattern of the pan cytokeratin antibody cocktail may be different than that of either antibody separately.
For example, hepatocellular, adrenal cortical, clear cell renal and chromophobe renal cell carcinomas have been reported to be negative for the pan cytokeratin antibody. In this regard, the pan cytokeratin antibody can be used as part of a screening panel to more extensively define the tumor cell lineages.
Immunohistochemistry (Formalin-fixed): 0.25-0.5ug/ml for 30 min at RT. Staining of formalin-fixed tissues requires heating tissue sections in 10mM Tris with 1mM EDTA, pH 9.0, for 45 min at 95C followed by cooling at RT for 20 minutes.
Optimal dilution for a specific application should be determined.
The pan cytokeratin antibody may cross-react with GFAP, leading to aberrant positive staining of glial tumors such as ependymoma, glioblastoma, or schwannoma (Ordonez, 2013). Use in Immunohistochemistry reported in scientific literature (PMID: 29169625).
This antibody cocktail recognizes acidic (Type I or LMW) and basic (Type II or HMW) cytokeratins, which 67 kDa (CK1); 64 kDa (CK3); 59 kDa (CK4); 58 kDa (CK5); 56 kDa (CK6); 52 kDa (CK8); 56.5 kDa (CK10); 50k Da (CK14); 50 kDa (CK15); 48 kDa (CK16); 40 kDa (CK19). The pan cytokeratin cocktail does not react with keratin 18, which is also expressed in carcinomas. As such, negative staining with NBP2-29429 in of itself may not be sufficient evidence to rule out the possibility of a carcinoma (Ordonez, 2013).
For example, hepatocellular, adrenal cortical, clear cell renal and chromophobe renal cell carcinomas have been reported to be negative for the pan cytokeratin antibody. In this regard, the pan cytokeratin antibody can be used as part of a screening panel to more extensively define the tumor cell lineages.
Immunohistochemistry (Formalin-fixed): 0.25-0.5ug/ml for 30 min at RT. Staining of formalin-fixed tissues requires heating tissue sections in 10mM Tris with 1mM EDTA, pH 9.0, for 45 min at 95C followed by cooling at RT for 20 minutes.
Optimal dilution for a specific application should be determined.
The pan cytokeratin antibody may cross-react with GFAP, leading to aberrant positive staining of glial tumors such as ependymoma, glioblastoma, or schwannoma (Ordonez, 2013). Use in Immunohistochemistry reported in scientific literature (PMID: 29169625).
This antibody cocktail recognizes acidic (Type I or LMW) and basic (Type II or HMW) cytokeratins, which 67 kDa (CK1); 64 kDa (CK3); 59 kDa (CK4); 58 kDa (CK5); 56 kDa (CK6); 52 kDa (CK8); 56.5 kDa (CK10); 50k Da (CK14); 50 kDa (CK15); 48 kDa (CK16); 40 kDa (CK19). The pan cytokeratin cocktail does not react with keratin 18, which is also expressed in carcinomas. As such, negative staining with NBP2-29429 in of itself may not be sufficient evidence to rule out the possibility of a carcinoma (Ordonez, 2013).
Formulation, Preparation, and Storage
Purification
Protein A or G purified
Formulation
10 mM PBS with 0.05% BSA
Format
IHC-Prediluted
Preservative
0.05% Sodium Azide
Concentration
Please see the vial label for concentration. If unlisted please contact technical services.
Shipping
The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage
Store at 4C.
Background: Cytokeratin, pan
Epithelial cells express multiple subtypes of cytokeratins which can be used to classify epithelial cell type or differentiation status, as well tumor progression or diagnosis (2). Cytokeratins are important for both stability and integrity of epithelial cells and function in intracellular signaling, from wound healing to apoptosis (1). Cytokeratins are useful immunohistochemistry tumor markers and antibodies to cytokeratins are a common pathological tool (1,3,6). Cytokeratin pan antibody is an antibody cocktail mixture that can detect multiple cytokeratins and reacts to multiple epithelial tissues (1,3,6). For example, AE-1/AE-3 is a commonly used specific pan cytokeratin that detects cytokeratins 1-8, 10, 14-16 and 19 (1,3,6).
Given the role of cytokeratins in the structural integrity of epithelial cells, mutations in cytokeratins have been shown to play a role in a variety of human diseases including epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS) (4,5). EBS is an autosomal dominant disorder that is caused by missense mutations in either CK5 or CK14 (5). Other known cytokeratin-related disorders include bullous ichthyosis, a skin disorder characterized by redness, blistering, and hyperkeratosis, and epidermolytic palmoplantar keratoderma (EPPK), which results in hyperkeratosis on the palms and soles of the body (7).
References
1. Awasthi, P., Thahriani, A., Bhattacharya, A., Awasthi, P., & Keratins, B. A. (2016). Keratins or cytokeratins: a review article. Journal of Advanced Medical and Dental Sciences Research. https://10.21276/jamdsr.2016.4.4.30
2. Southgate, J., Harnden, P., & Trejdosiewicz, L. K. (1999). Cytokeratin expression patterns in normal and malignant urothelium: a review of the biological and diagnostic implications. Histology and histopathology. https://doi.org/10.14670/HH-14.657
3. Belaldavar, C., Mane, D. R., Hallikerimath, S., Kale, A. D. (2016). Cytokeratins: Its role and expression profile in oral health and disease. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medicine, and Pathology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajoms.2015.08.001.
4. Linder S. (2007). Cytokeratin markers come of age. Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1159/000107582
5. Jacob, J. T., Coulombe, P. A., Kwan, R., & Omary, M. B. (2018). Types I and II Keratin Intermediate Filaments. Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology. https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a018275
6. Ordonez N. G. (2013). Broad-spectrum immunohistochemical epithelial markers: a review. Human pathology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humpath.2012.11.016
7. McLean, W. H., & Moore, C. B. (2011). Keratin disorders: from gene to therapy. Human molecular genetics. https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddr379
Alternate Names
AEI2, CK1, EHK, EPPK, K1, KRT1A, NEPPK
Gene Symbol
KRT1
Additional Cytokeratin, pan Products
Product Documents for Cytokeratin, pan Antibody (AE-1/AE-3) - IHC-Prediluted
Product Specific Notices for Cytokeratin, pan Antibody (AE-1/AE-3) - IHC-Prediluted
This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.
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