Human CCL4/MIP-1 beta Antibody

R&D Systems, part of Bio-Techne | Catalog # AB-271-NA

R&D Systems, part of Bio-Techne
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AB-271-NA
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Key Product Details

Species Reactivity

Human

Applications

Neutralization, Western Blot

Label

Unconjugated

Antibody Source

Polyclonal Goat IgG

View all CCL4/MIP-1 beta Antibodies »

Product Specifications

Immunogen

S. frugiperda insect ovarian cell line Sf 21-derived recombinant human CCL4/MIP-1 beta
Ala24-Asn92
Accession # P13236

Specificity

Detects human CCL4/MIP-1 beta in direct ELISAs and Western blots.

Clonality

Polyclonal

Host

Goat

Isotype

IgG

Endotoxin Level

<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the antibody by the LAL method.

Scientific Data Images for Human CCL4/MIP-1 beta Antibody

Chemotaxis Induced by CCL4/MIP‑1 beta and Neutralization by Human CCL4/MIP‑1 beta Antibody.

Chemotaxis Induced by CCL4/MIP‑1 beta and Neutralization by Human CCL4/MIP‑1 beta Antibody.

Recombinant Human CCL4/MIP-1 beta (Catalog # 271-BME) chemoattracts the BaF3 mouse pro-B cell line transfected with human CCR5 in a dose-dependent manner (orange line). The amount of cells that migrated through to the lower chemotaxis chamber was measured by Resazurin. Chemotaxis elicited by Recombinant Human CCL4/MIP-1 gamma (5 ng/mL) is neutralized (green line) by increasing concentrations of Human CCL4/MIP-1 gamma Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AB-271-NA). The ND50 is typically 1.5-9 µg/mL.

Applications for Human CCL4/MIP-1 beta Antibody

Application
Recommended Usage

Western Blot

1 µg/mL
Sample: Recombinant Human CCL4/MIP-1 beta (Catalog # 271-BME)

Neutralization

Measured by its ability to neutralize CCL4/MIP‑1 beta-induced chemotaxis in the BaF3 mouse pro‑B cell line transfected with human CCR5. The Neutralization Dose (ND50) is typically 1.5-9 µg/mL in the presence of 5 ng/mL Recombinant Human CCL4/MIP‑1 beta.
Please Note: Optimal dilutions of this antibody should be experimentally determined.

Formulation, Preparation, and Storage

Purification

Protein A or G purified

Reconstitution

Reconstitute at 1 mg/mL in sterile PBS.

Reconstitution Buffer Available:
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Formulation

Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose.

Shipping

The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.

Stability & Storage

Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: CCL4/MIP-1 beta

CCL4, also known as macrophage inflammatory protein 1 beta (MIP-1 beta) is a 7.8 kDa beta chemokine that is secreted at sites of inflammation by activated leukocytes, lymphocytes, vascular endothelial cells, and pulmonary smooth muscle cells (1, 2). CCL4 attracts a variety of immune cells to sites of microbial infection as well as to other pathologic inflammation such as allergic asthma and ischemic myocardium (3‑8). A CCL4 deficiency in mice promotes the development of autoantibodies, possibly as a result of compromised regulatory T cell recruitment (6). CCL4 is secreted from activated monocytes as a heterodimer with CCL3/MIP-1 alpha (9). The first two N-terminal amino acids can be cleaved from human CCL4 by CD26/DPPIV (10, 11). Both the full length and truncated forms exert biological activity through CCR5, and the truncated form additionally interacts with CCR1 and CCR2b (10). In humans, the ability of CCL4 to bind CCR5 inhibits the cellular entry of M-tropic HIV-1 which utilizes CCR5 as a coreceptor (2). Both forms of CCL4 block HIV-1 infection of T cells by inducing the downregulation of CCR5 (10). Mature human CCL4 shares 77% and 80% aa sequence identity with mouse and rat CCL4, respectively.

References

  1. Rot, A. and U.H. von Andrian (2004) Annu. Rev. Immunol. 22:891.
  2. Menten, P. et al. (2002) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 13:455.
  3. Sun, X. et al. (2006) Infec. Immun. 74:5943.
  4. Bisset, L.R. and Schmid-Grendelmeier, P. (2005) Curr. Opin. Pulm. Med. 11:35.
  5. Frangogiannis, N.G. (2004) Inflamm. Res. 53:585.
  6. Bystry, R.S. et al. (2001) Nat. Immunol. 2:1126.
  7. Oliveira, S.H.P. et al. (2002) J. Leukoc. Biol. 71:1019.
  8. Schall, T.J. et al. (1993) J. Exp. Med. 177:1821.
  9. Guan, E. et al. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276:12404.
  10. Guan, E. et al. (2002) J. Biol. Chem. 277:32348.
  11. Guan, E. et al. (2004) J. Cell. Biochem. 92:53.

Alternate Names

Exodus-3, MIP-1 beta, MIP1 beta

Entrez Gene IDs

6351 (Human); 20303 (Mouse); 116637 (Rat); 448786 (Canine); 102117861 (Cynomolgus Monkey)

Gene Symbol

CCL4

UniProt

P13236

Additional CCL4/MIP-1 beta Products

Product Documents for Human CCL4/MIP-1 beta Antibody

Product Datasheets

Certificate of Analysis

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Note: Certificate of Analysis not available for kit components.

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Product Specific Notices for Human CCL4/MIP-1 beta Antibody

For research use only

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