HEK293 human embryonic kidney cell line transfected with either (A) human VSTM4 or (B) irrelevant protein and eGFP was stained with Rabbit Anti-Human VSTM4 Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB10767) followed by Allophycocyanin-conjugated Anti-Rabbit IgG Secondary Antibody (F0111). Quadrant markers were set based on Rabbit IgG control antibody (MAB1050). View our protocol for Staining Membrane-associated Proteins.

Applications for Human VSTM4 Antibody

Application

Recommended Usage

Flow Cytometry

0.25 µg/10⁶ cells
Sample: HEK293 Human Cell Line Transfected with Human VSTM4 and eGFP

Formulation, Preparation, and Storage

Purification

Protein A or G purified from cell culture supernatant

Reconstitution

Reconstitute at 0.5 mg/mL in sterile PBS. For liquid material, refer to CoA for concentration.

Formulation

Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.

Shipping

Lyophilized product is shipped at ambient temperature. Liquid small pack size (-SP) is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store immediately at the temperature recommended below.

Stability & Storage

Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: VSTM4

V-set and transmembrane domain-containing protein 4 (VSTM4) is a single-pass type I membrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily. Human VSTM4 is synthesized as a 320 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a 23 aa signal sequence, 157 aa extracellular region, 21 aa TM domain, and 119 aa cytoplasmic tail. In humans, part of the extracellular region is cleaved into a 50 aa secreted peptide (aa 55-104) compared to mouse, which is cleaved into a 49 aa peptide (aa 55-103) (1). Because of its role in enhancing L-type voltage-gated calcium channel (L-VGCC) currents in photoreceptors, this peptide was named peptide Lv (1). Peptide Lv is expressed in the central nervous system and a variety of organs including spleen, intestine, retina, and lung (1, 2). The peptide may have possible roles in regulating the cardiovascular system and L-VGCC dependent neural plasticity (1, 2). Human VSTM4 gene is located on chromosome 10, which may be linked to late-onset Alzheimer's disease (3). Down-regulation of VSTM4 increased tamoxifen sensitivity and suppressed growth in cultured breast cancer cells (4). Within the ECD, human VSTM4 shares 87% and 85% aa sequence identity with mouse and rat VSTM4, respectively. The biological functions of VSTM4 remain unknown. Our in-house data show that VSTM4 inhibits the human T cell activation, including anti-CD3 induced IL-2 and IFN-gamma secretion, and T cell proliferation.

References

Shi, L. et al. (2012) PLoS. 7:e43091.
Shi, L. et al. (2015) Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1853:1154.
Grupe, A. et al. (2006) Am. J. Hum. Genet. 78:78.
Mendes-Pereira, A. et al. (2012) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 109:2730.

Long Name

V-Set And Transmembrane Domain Containing 4

Alternate Names

C10orf72

Entrez Gene IDs

196740 (Human); 320736 (Mouse); 361112 (Rat)

Gene Symbol

VSTM4

UniProt

Q8IW00-1

Additional VSTM4 Products

Product Documents for Human VSTM4 Antibody

Product Datasheets

Download Product Datasheets

COA

SDS

Download SDS

Product Specific Notices for Human VSTM4 Antibody

For research use only

Citations
Reviews

Calculators
Flow Cytometry

Human VSTM4 Antibody

R&D Systems, part of Bio-Techne | Catalog # MAB10767

Key Product Details

Species Reactivity

Applications

Label

Antibody Source

View all VSTM4 Antibodies »

Product Specifications

Immunogen

Specificity

Clonality

Host

Isotype

Scientific Data Images for Human VSTM4 Antibody

Detection of VSTM4 in HEK293 Human Cell Line Transfected with Human VSTM4 and eGFP by Flow Cytometry