LC3A Antibody - Azide Free

Novus Biologicals, part of Bio-Techne | Catalog # NBP2-33254

Novus Biologicals, part of Bio-Techne
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NBP2-33254
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Key Product Details

Species Reactivity

Validated:

Human, Rat

Predicted:

Bovine (93%). Backed by our 100% Guarantee.

Applications

Immunohistochemistry, Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin, Western Blot

Label

Unconjugated

Antibody Source

Polyclonal Rabbit IgG

Format

Azide Free

Concentration

0.5 mg/ml

View all LC3A Antibodies »

Product Specifications

Immunogen

A portion of amino acids 1-50 of human ATG8 (LC3, MAP1LC3A, APG8) was used as the immunogen for this LC3A antibody.

Reactivity Notes

The amino acid sequence used as immunogen is 100% homologous in dog and mouse, 93% homologous in cow and Xenopus, 80% homologous in opossum and 73% homologous in pufferfish.

Marker

Autophagosome Marker

Clonality

Polyclonal

Host

Rabbit

Isotype

IgG

Scientific Data Images for LC3A Antibody - Azide Free

Western Blot: LC3A AntibodyAzide Free [NBP2-33254]

Western Blot: LC3A AntibodyAzide Free [NBP2-33254]

Western Blot: LC3A Antibody - Azide Free [NBP2-33254] - This LC3A image shows a lysate from human brain in the 1) absence, 2) presence of immunizing peptide, 3) mouse brain and 4) rat brain probed with ATG8 antibody at 1 ug/ml. Image from the standard format of this antibody.
Immunohistochemistry: LC3A Antibody - Azide Free [NBP2-33254]

Immunohistochemistry: LC3A Antibody - Azide Free [NBP2-33254]

Immunohistochemistry: LC3A Antibody - Azide Free [NBP2-33254] - Staining of Human brain probed with ATG8 antibody at 5 ug/ml. Image from the standard format of this antibody.
Western Blot: LC3A AntibodyAzide Free [NBP2-33254]

Western Blot: LC3A AntibodyAzide Free [NBP2-33254]

Western Blot: LC3A Antibody - Azide Free [NBP2-33254] - The expression of LC3A in rat tissue. Antibody dilution 1:1000. Image from the standard format of this antibody. WB image submitted by a verifed customer review.

Applications for LC3A Antibody - Azide Free

Application
Recommended Usage

Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin

5-10 ug/ml

Western Blot

1-3 ug/ml

Formulation, Preparation, and Storage

Purification

Protein G purified

Formulation

PBS. BSA free - BSA free

Format

Azide Free

Preservative

No Preservative

Concentration

0.5 mg/ml

Shipping

The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.

Stability & Storage

Store at 4C short term. Aliquot and store at -20C long term. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.

Background: LC3A

Human Microtubule-associated Protein 1A/1B Light Chain 3A (MAP1LC3A), also called LC3A for short, is a 121 amino acid (aa) protein with a theoretic molecular weight of ~14 kDa. LC3A belongs to the LC3 subfamily of Autophagy-related 8 (Atg8) proteins, which also includes LC3B and LC3C (1). The process of autophagy is the bulk degradation of proteins and organelles. Whether these three proteins have distinct roles in autophagy remains unclear, but they do have unique subcellular expression (2). Specifically, LC3A shows perinuclear and nuclear localization (2). The Atg8 family members share a similar structure of two amino-terminal alpha-helices and a ubiquitin-like core but are unique in aa sequence (1). LC3 utilizes a ubiquitin-like conjugation system to covalently bind to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), also called lipidation, which is mediated by a series of steps (1, 3). Briefly, unprocessed, cytosolic LC3 (pro-LC3) is cleaved by the cysteine protease Atg4 to expose a c-terminal glycine (Gly) residue (LC3-I); the Gly is activated by E1-like enzyme Atg7, transferred to E2-like enzyme Atg3, and an E3-like complex facilitates the conjugation of LC3 with PE (LC3-II), incorporating it into the phagophore membrane during autophagosome formation (1, 3). The recruitment of LC3 to the phagophore is thought to mediate membrane elongation and closure (1, 3). Additionally, LC3 plays a role in recruiting cargo (protein aggregates, pathogens, and organelles) to autophagosomes and delivery for lysosomal degradation (1).

The process of autophagy is associated with a variety of diseases including neurodegenerative diseases, neuromuscular, tumorigenesis, and viral and bacterial infections (4). LC3 is a useful marker of autophagy in both healthy and diseased cells (4). Interestingly, LC3A has two variants (v1 and v2) which differ in N-terminal sequence due to the varying transcriptional start sites (5). One particular study found that LC3Av1, but not v2 or LC3B, was silenced in various cancer cell lines due to aberrant DNA methylation and re-expression of LC3Av1 in LC3Av1-silenced cells inhibited tumor growth, where overall findings suggest a possible tumor-suppressive role (5).

Alternative names for LC3A include Apg8, APG8a, ATG8E, Autophagy-related protein LC3 A, Autophagy-related ubiquitin-like modifier LC3 A, MAP1A/1B light chain 3 A, microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3, and MLP3A.

References

1. Shpilka, T., Weidberg, H., Pietrokovski, S., & Elazar, Z. (2011). Atg8: an autophagy-related ubiquitin-like protein family. Genome biology. https://doi.org/10.1186/gb-2011-12-7-226

2. Koukourakis, M. I., Kalamida, D., Giatromanolaki, A., Zois, C. E., Sivridis, E., Pouliliou, S., Mitrakas, A., Gatter, K. C., & Harris, A. L. (2015). Autophagosome Proteins LC3A, LC3B and LC3C Have Distinct Subcellular Distribution Kinetics and Expression in Cancer Cell Lines. PloS one. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0137675

3. Weidberg, H., Shvets, E., & Elazar, Z. (2011). Biogenesis and cargo selectivity of autophagosomes. Annual review of biochemistry. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-biochem-052709-094552

4. Tanida, I., Ueno, T., & Kominami, E. (2004). LC3 conjugation system in mammalian autophagy. The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocel.2004.05.009

5. Schaaf, M. B., Keulers, T. G., Vooijs, M. A., & Rouschop, K. M. (2016). LC3/GABARAP family proteins: autophagy-(un)related functions. FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.201600698R

Long Name

Microtubule-associated Protein 1 Light Chain 3 alpha

Alternate Names

Apg8, APG8a, Apg8p3, ATG8E, LC3, MAP1ALC3, MAP1LC3A, MLP3A

Gene Symbol

MAP1LC3A

Additional LC3A Products

Product Documents for LC3A Antibody - Azide Free

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Product Specific Notices for LC3A Antibody - Azide Free

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

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