Key Product Details

Species Reactivity

SARS-CoV-2

Applications

ELISA, Immunohistochemistry, Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin

Label

Unconjugated

Antibody Source

Polyclonal Rabbit IgG

Format

BSA Free

Concentration

1 mg/ml

View all SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a Antibodies »

Product Specifications

Immunogen

Antibody was raised against a peptide corresponding to 15 amino acids near the amino-terminus of SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a protein. The immunogen is located within the first 50 amino acids of the SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a protein.

Clonality

Polyclonal

Host

Rabbit

Isotype

IgG

Scientific Data Images for SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a Antibody - BSA Free

Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a Antibody - BSA Free [NBP3-11933]

Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a Antibody - BSA Free [NBP3-11933]

Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a Antibody [NBP3-11933] - Immunohistochemistry Validation of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) ORF3a in COVID-19 Patient Lung Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded COVID-19 patient lung tissue using anti- SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a antibody (NBP3-11933, 0.2 ug/mL). Tissue was fixed with formaldehyde and blocked with 10% serum for 1 h at RT; antigen retrieval was by heat mediation with a citrate buffer (pH6). Samples were incubated with primary antibody overnight at 4C. A goat anti-rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) at 1/250 was used as secondary. Counter stained with Hematoxylin. Strong signal of SARS-COV-2 ORF3a protein was observed in macrophages of COVID-19 patient lung, but not in non-COVID-19 patient lung.
ELISA: SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a Antibody - BSA Free [NBP3-11933]

ELISA: SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a Antibody - BSA Free [NBP3-11933]

ELISA: SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a Antibody [NBP3-11933] - ELISA Validation Antibodies: SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a Antibody, NBP3-11933. A direct ELISA was performed using SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a immunogen peptide as coating antigen and the anti-SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a antibody as the capture antibody. Secondary: Goat anti-rabbit IgG HRP conjugate at 1:20000 dilution. Detection range is from 0.3 ng/mL to 1000 ng/mL

Applications for SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a Antibody - BSA Free

Application
Recommended Usage

ELISA

1 ug/mL

Immunohistochemistry

0.2 ug/ml

Formulation, Preparation, and Storage

Purification

Peptide affinity purified

Formulation

PBS

Format

BSA Free

Preservative

0.02% Sodium Azide

Concentration

1 mg/ml

Shipping

The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.

Stability & Storage

Store at 4C short term. Aliquot and store at -20C long term. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.

Background: SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a

SARS-CoV-2 Open Reading Frame 3a (ORF3a) is one of the nine downstream accessory protein open reading frames of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of COVID-19 (1). SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a is 475 amino acids (aa) with a theoretical molecular weight of 31 kDa (1, 2). The amino acid sequence alignment of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2's ORF3a has 72% sequence identity and 90% sequence similarity (3). Structurally, ORF3a is a homotetramer that is comprised of two non-covalently linked homodimers (2).

The SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a protein encodes for a Ca2+ ion channel that functions in NLRP3 (NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3) inflammasome activation (3, 4). The ORF3a ion channel also functions in viral particle release as well as apoptotic and necrotic cell death (5). SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a interacts with the inflammasome component TRAF3 (TNF Receptor Associated Factor 3) which activates ASC (apoptosis-associated speck-like protein contain CARD) ubiquitination and, in-turn, stimulates caspase-1 activation and IL-1beta (interleukin-1-beta) production and maturation (3, 4). IL-1beta activation results in cytokine production and the overproduction of cytokines referred to as a cytokine storm, a hallmark of COVID-19 (4). Additionally, high throughput screening experiments have revealed the SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a binds to the human heme oxygenase (HMOX1) protein (5). HMOX1 has a role in reducing inflammation and tissue damage, both features of SARS-CoV-2 infection (5). The ORF3a-HMOX1 interaction will be worth exploring for its role in innate immune response and as a potential therapeutic target for COVID-19 (5).

Alternative names for SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a includes 2019-nCoV ORF3a protein, COVID-19 ORF3a, Human coronavirus ORF3a protein, ORF3a protein, SARS-CoV-2 accessory protein 3a, SARS-CoV-2 protein 3a, SARS-CoV-2 protein U274, and SARS-CoV-2 protein X1.

References

1. Michel, C. J., Mayenr, C., Poch, O., & Thompson, J. D. (2020). Characterization of accessory genes in coronavirus genomes. Virology journal. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-020-01402-12. UniProt (P0DTC3)

3. Yoshimoto F. K. (2020). The Proteins of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2 or n-COV19), the Cause of COVID-19. The protein journal. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10930-020-09901-4

4. Oladele, J. O., Ajayi, E. I., Oyeleke, O. M., Oladele, O. T., Olowookere, B. D., Adeniyi, B. M., Oyewole, O. I., & Oladiji, A. T. (2020). A systematic review on COVID-19 pandemic with special emphasis on curative potentials of Nigeria based medicinal plants. Heliyon. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04897

5. Batra, N., De Souza, C., Batra, J., Raetz, A. G., & Yu, A. M. (2020). The HMOX1 Pathway as a Promising Target for the Treatment and Prevention of SARS-CoV-2 of 2019 (COVID-19). International journal of molecular sciences. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21176412

Alternate Names

2019-nCoV ORF3a, 2019-nCoV ORF3a Protein, COVID-19 ORF3a, Human coronavirus ORF3a Protein, ORF3a protein, SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-2 Accessory protein 3a, SARSCoV2 ORF3a Protein, SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a Protein, SARS-CoV-2 Protein 3a, SARS-CoV-2 Protein U274, SARS-CoV-2 Protein X1, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2

Gene Symbol

ORF3a

Additional SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a Products

Product Documents for SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a Antibody - BSA Free

Product Datasheets

Certificate of Analysis

To download a Certificate of Analysis, please enter a lot number in the search box below.

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Product Specific Notices for SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a Antibody - BSA Free

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

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