Recombinant Human CXCL1/GRO alpha (aa 39-107) Protein

R&D Systems, part of Bio-Techne | Catalog # 9196-GR

R&D Systems, part of Bio-Techne
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Carrier Free
9196-GR-025/CF
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With Carrier
9196-GR-025
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Key Product Details

Source

E. coli

Accession #

P09341

Conjugate

Unconjugated

Applications

Bioactivity

View all CXCL1/GRO alpha/KC/CINC-1 Proteins and Enzymes »

Product Specifications

Source

E. coli-derived human CXCL1/GRO alpha/KC/CINC-1 protein
Thr39-Asn107

Purity

>95%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.

Endotoxin Level

<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

N-terminal Sequence Analysis

Thr39

Predicted Molecular Mass

8 kDa

SDS-PAGE

6 kDa, reducing conditions

Activity

Measured by its ability to chemoattract BaF3 mouse pro-B cells transfected with human CXCR2.
The ED50 for this effect is 0.15-0.9 ng/mL.

Scientific Data Images for Recombinant Human CXCL1/GRO alpha (aa 39-107) Protein

Recombinant Human CXCL1/GRO alpha (aa 39-107) Protein Binding Activity

Recombinant Human CXCL1/GRO alpha (aa 39-107) Protein Binding Activity

Recombinant Human CXCL1/GRO alpha (Catalog # 9196-GR) attracts BaF3 mouse pro B cells transfected with human CXCR2. The ED50 for this effect is 0.15-0.9 ng/mL.

Formulation, Preparation and Storage

Carrier Free
What does CF mean?

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

What formulation is right for me?

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.

Carrier: 9196-GR
Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with BSA as a carrier protein.
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 250 μg/mL in PBS.
Shipping The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Carrier Free: 9196-GR/CF
Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS.
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 250 μg/mL in PBS.
Shipping The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: CXCL1/GRO alpha/KC/CINC-1

CXCL1, also known as KC, GRO alpha, and CINC-1, is an approximately 8 kDa proinflammatory chemokine that plays a key role in neutrophil migration and activation (1). Mature human CXCL1 shares 64% and 67% amino acid sequence identity with mouse and rat CXCL1, respectively (2). It is produced by many cell types in inflammatory sites and during chronic inflammatory diseases (1). CXCL1 can associate into bioactive dimers and primarily signals through CXCR2/IL-8 RB but can also bind with lower affinity to CXCR2/IL-8 RA (3-5). It induces neutrophil migration, extravasation, respiratory burst, and degranulation and also induces T cells to produce proinflammatory IL-17 (4, 6, 7). CXCL1 additionally binds to Syndecan-1 on epithelial cells which acts as a sink for CXCL1 activity until Syndecan-1 cleavage by MMP-7 (8). CXCL1 is upregulated in spinal cord astrocytes by inflammatory stimuli or tumor cell injection, and it exacerbates pain sensation by potentiating excitatory NMDA neurotransmission (9, 10). In the circulatory system, CXCL1 interacts with CXCR2 on endothelial cells to promote lymphatic tube formation and angiogenesis (11, 12). It promotes the hypertrophic differentiation of chondrocytes resulting in cartilage matrix deposition, calcification, and remodeling (13). It interacts with both CXCR1 and CXCR2 on adipose stromal cells and promotes their recruitment to prostate tumors in obese patients (14). It also binds CXCR2 on ovarian cancer cells, leading to cleavage of cell surface HB-EGF, transactivation of EGF R, and cell proliferation (15). Truncated forms of CXCL1 with 3-5 amino acids removed from the N-terminus are secreted by peripheral blood monocytes and are 30-fold more active than the intact form (16).

References

  1. Strieter, R.M. et al. (2005) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 16:593.
  2. Baker, N.E. et al. (1990) Nucl. Acids Res. 18:6453.
  3. Sawant, K.V. et al. (2015) J. Innate Immun. 7:647.
  4. Geiser, T. et al. (1993) J. Biol. Chem. 268:15419.
  5. Ahuja, S.K. and P.M. Murphy (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271:20545.
  6. Jin, L. et al. (2014) J. Immunol. 193:3549.
  7. De Filippo, K. et al. (2013) Blood 121:4930.
  8. Gill, S.E. et al. (2016) Am. J. Respir. Cell. Mol. Biol. PMID 26934670.
  9. Cao, D.-L. et al. (2014) Exp. Neurol. 261:328.
  10. Xu, J. et al. (2014) J. Neuroinflamm. 11:38.
  11. Xu, J. et al. (2012) Int. J. Cancer 130:787.
  12. Miyake, M. et al. (2013) Lab. Invest. 93:768.
  13. Merz, D. et al. (2003) J. Immunol. 171:4406.
  14. Zhang, T. et al. (2016) Nat. Commun. 7:11674.
  15. Bolitho, C. et al. (2010) Endocr. Relat. Cancer 17:929.
  16. Wuyts, A. et al. (1999) Eur. J. Biochem. 260:421.

Alternate Names

CINC-1, CINC1, GRO alpha, KC, MGSA-alpha

Entrez Gene IDs

2919 (Human); 14825 (Mouse); 81503 (Rat)

Gene Symbol

CXCL1

UniProt

P09341

Additional CXCL1/GRO alpha/KC/CINC-1 Products

Product Documents for Recombinant Human CXCL1/GRO alpha (aa 39-107) Protein

Product Datasheets

Certificate of Analysis

To download a Certificate of Analysis, please enter a lot number in the search box below.

Note: Certificate of Analysis not available for kit components.

Download SDS 9196-GR (with carrier)
Download SDS 9196-GR/CF (carrier free)

Product Specific Notices for Recombinant Human CXCL1/GRO alpha (aa 39-107) Protein

For research use only

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