Recombinant Mouse VEGF-D Protein
R&D Systems, part of Bio-Techne | Catalog # 469-VD
Key Product Details
Source
Sf 21 (baculovirus)
Accession #
Conjugate
Unconjugated
Applications
Binding Activity, Bioactivity
Product Specifications
Source
Spodoptera frugiperda, Sf 21 (baculovirus)-derived mouse VEGF-D protein
Phe98-Ser206, with a C-terminal 6-His tag
Phe98-Ser206, with a C-terminal 6-His tag
Purity
>95%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain.
Endotoxin Level
<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.
N-terminal Sequence Analysis
Phe98
Predicted Molecular Mass
13 kDa
SDS-PAGE
14-20 kDa, reducing conditions
Activity
Measured in a cell proliferation assay using HMVEC human microvascular endothelial cells. Marconcini, L. et al. (1999) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96:9671.
The ED50 for this effect is 0.2-0.8 µg/mL.
Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA.
Immobilized rmFlt-4/Fc Chimera at 5 µg/mL (100 µL/well) can bind rmVEGF-D with an apparent KD < 50 nM.
The ED50 for this effect is 0.2-0.8 µg/mL.
Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA.
Immobilized rmFlt-4/Fc Chimera at 5 µg/mL (100 µL/well) can bind rmVEGF-D with an apparent KD < 50 nM.
Formulation, Preparation and Storage
Carrier Free
What does CF mean?CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.
What formulation is right for me?In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.
Carrier: 469-VD
| Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with BSA as a carrier protein. |
| Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin. |
| Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
| Stability & Storage | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
Carrier Free: 469-VD/CF
| Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS. |
| Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS. |
| Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
| Stability & Storage | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
Background: VEGF-D
Vascular endothelia growth factor D (VEGF-D), also known as c-fos-induced growth factor (FIGF), is a secreted glycoprotein of the VEGF/PDGF family. VEGFs regulate angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis during development and tumor growth, and are characterized by eight conserved cysteine residues that form a cysteine-knot structure (1 - 3). VEGF-C and VEGF-D, which share 23% amino acid (aa) sequence identity, are uniquely expressed as preproproteins that contain long N- and C-terminal propeptide extensions around the VEGF homology domain (VHD) (1, 2). Proteolytic processing of either 358 aa or 326 aa splice forms of mouse VEGF-D preproprotein creates a secreted proprotein. Further processing by extracellular serine proteases, such as plasmin or furin-like proprotein convertases, forms mature VEGF-D consisting of non-covalently linked 42 kDa homodimers of the 117 aa VHD (4 - 7). Mature mouse VEGF-D shares 94%, 99%, 93%, 91% and 89% aa identity with the VHD of human, rat, equine, canine and bovine VEGF-D, respectively. It is expressed in adult lung, heart, muscle, and small intestine, and is most abundantly expressed in fetal lungs and skin (1 - 4). Mouse and human VEGF-D are ligands for VEGF receptor 3 (VEGF-R3, also called Flt-4) that are active across species and show enhanced affinity when processed (8). Unlike human VEGF-D, which is also a ligand for VEGF-R2 (also called Flk-1 or KDR), mouse VEGF-D does not bind to VEGF-R2 (8). VEGF-R3 is strongly expressed in lymphatic endothelial cells and is essential for regulation of the growth and differentiation of lymphatic endothelium (1, 2). While VEGF-C is the critical ligand for VEGF-R3 during embryonic lymphatic development, VEGF-D is most active in neonatal lymphatic maturation and bone growth (9 - 11). Both promote tumor lymphangiogenesis (12). Consonant with their activity on VEGF receptors, binding of VEGF-C and VEGF-D to neuropilins contributes to VEGF-R3 signaling in lymphangiogenesis, while binding to integrin alpha9 beta1 mediates endothelial cell adhesion and migration (13, 14).
References
- Roy, H. et al. (2006) FEBS Lett. 580:2879.
- Otrock, Z.H. et al. (2007) Blood Cells Mol. Dis. 38:258.
- Orlandini, M. et al. (1996) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93:11675.
- Stacker, S.A. et al. (1999) J. Biol. Chem. 274:32127.
- McColl, B.K. et al. (2003) J. Exp. Med. 198:863.
- McColl, B.K. et al. (2007) FASEB J. 21:1088.
- Baldwin, M.E. et al. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276:44307.
- Baldwin, M.E. et al. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276:19166.
- Baldwin, M.E. et al. (2005) Mol. Cell. Biol. 25:2441.
- Karpanen, T. et al. (2006) Am. J. Pathol. 169:708.
- Orlandini, M. et al. (2006) J. Biol. Chem. 281:17961.
- Stacker, S.A. et al. (2001) Nature Med. 7:186.
- Karpanen, T. et al. (2006) FASEB J. 20:1462.
- Vlahakis, N.E. et al. (2005) J. Biol. Chem. 280:4544.
Long Name
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor D/cFos-induced Growth Factor
Alternate Names
FIGF, VEGFD
Gene Symbol
VEGFD
UniProt
Additional VEGF-D Products
Product Documents for Recombinant Mouse VEGF-D Protein
Product Specific Notices for Recombinant Mouse VEGF-D Protein
For research use only
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