Key Product Details

Species Reactivity

Llama

Applications

Chemiluminescence Immunoassay, ELISA, Flow Cytometry, Immunoassay, Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence, Immunohistochemistry, Immunomicroscopy, Western Blot

Label

Unconjugated

Antibody Source

Polyclonal Goat IgG

Concentration

Please see the vial label for concentration. If unlisted please contact technical services.

View all IgG (H+L) Secondary Antibodies »

Product Specifications

Immunogen

This Goat anti-Llama IgG (H+L) Secondary Antibody was developed against purified llama IgG (H&L).

Reactivity Notes

Based on IEP, no reactivity is observed to non-immunoglobulin llama serum immunoglobulins

Specificity

Based on IEP, this Goat anti-Llama IgG (H+L) Secondary Antibody reacts with heavy gamma chains on llama IgG and light chains on all llama immunoglobulins.

Clonality

Polyclonal

Host

Goat

Isotype

IgG

Description

Purity > 95% based on SDS-PAGE. Goat serum was obtained from healthy animals of US origin and under the care of a registered veterinarian.

Applications for Goat anti-Llama IgG (H+L) Secondary Antibody

Application
Recommended Usage

ELISA

1:100-1:2000

Flow Cytometry

1:10-1:1000

Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence

1:10 - 1:500

Immunohistochemistry

1:10 - 1:500

Immunomicroscopy

1:10 - 1:500

Western Blot

1:100-1:2000
Application Notes
This antibody is suitable for all immunoassay applications.

Formulation, Preparation, and Storage

Purification

Affinity purified

Formulation

10 mM Sodium Phosphate, 0.15 M Sodium Chloride, pH 7.2

Preservative

0.05% Sodium Azide

Concentration

Please see the vial label for concentration. If unlisted please contact technical services.

Shipping

The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.

Stability & Storage

Store at 4C. Do not freeze.

Background: IgG (H+L)

Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Igs) are critical for immunity and are grouped into five primary classes: IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD, and IgE. The most abundant antibody isotype is immunoglobulin G (IgG) with concentrations ranging from 7.5-22 mg/ml in human serum and has a molecular weight of 150 kDa. The major effector functions of IgG include neutralization, opsonization, complement fixation and antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). This monomeric immunoglobulin, expressed on the surface of mature B cells, is often depicted as a Y-shape and comprised of 2 heavy chains and 2 light chains linked by disulfide bonds. The heavy chain is type gamma including subtypes gamma 1, gamma 2, gamma 3, and gamma 4 while the light chain is either a kappa or lambda chain. An IgG molecule has two antigen binding sites, each consisting of a heavy and light chain N-terminal variable domain. When combined with the constant heavy chain 1 (Ch1) and the constant light chain domains, it forms the fragment antigen-binding (Fab) region (2 per antibody). The remaining domains (Ch2-Ch4) of both heavy chains make up the Fc region and contain a site for covalently linking an enzymatic or fluorochrome probe, such as HRP or Janelia Fluor 549, for target detection and visualization (1,2,3).

The 4 IgG subclasses, sharing 95% amino acid identity, include IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4 for humans and IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, and IgG3 for mice. The relative abundance of each human subclass is 60% for IgG1, 32% for IgG2, 4% for IgG3, and 4% for IgG4. In an IgG deficiency, there may be a shortage of one or more subclasses (4).

References

1. Painter RH. (1998) Encyclopedia of Immunology (Second Edition). Elsevier. 1208-1211

2. Chapter 9 - Antibodies. (2012) Immunology for Pharmacy. Mosby 70-78

3. Schroeder H, Cavacini, L. (2010) Structure and Function of Immunoglobulins. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 125(2 0 2): S41-S52. PMID: 20176268

4. Vidarsson G, Dekkers G, Rispens T. (2014) IgG subclasses and allotypes: from structure to effector functions. Front Immunol. 5:520. PMID: 25368619

Additional IgG (H+L) Products

Product Documents for Goat anti-Llama IgG (H+L) Secondary Antibody

Product Datasheets

Certificate of Analysis

To download a Certificate of Analysis, please enter a lot number in the search box below.

Product Specific Notices for Goat anti-Llama IgG (H+L) Secondary Antibody

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Secondary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

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