Apolipoprotein A5: Proteins and Enzymes

Apolipoprotein A5 (ApoA5) is a minor apolipoprotein, predominantly associated with HDL and and occasionally with VLDL and chylomicrons. ApoA-5 is a useful indicator of plasma triglyceride levels, a major risk factor for coronary artery disease.

Apo A5 is expressed in the plasma and the liver, where it is involved in the early phase of liver regeneration.

APOA5 mutations can lead to increaased susceptibility to familial hypertriglyceridemia (FHTR), a common inherited disorder where VLDL concentrations are elevated in the plasma. This disorder increases the risk of heart disease, obesity, and pancreatitis. APOA5 mutations can also cause hyperlipoproteinemia type 5 (HLPP5), characterized by increased amounts of chylomicrons/VLDL and decreased amounts of LDL/HDL in the plasma. This disorder often leads to a wide array of syndromes, including insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, contraceptive steroids, alcohol abuse, and glycogen storage disease type 1A

ApoA5 antibodies are useful for studying lipoprotein processing and a variety of cardiac diseases.