Key Product Details

Species Reactivity

SARS-CoV-2

Applications

Validated:

ELISA, Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence, Sandwich ELISA, Western Blot

Cited:

Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin

Label

Unconjugated

Antibody Source

Polyclonal Rabbit IgG

Format

BSA Free

Concentration

1 mg/ml

View all Spike Antibodies »

Product Specifications

Immunogen

Antibody was raised against a peptide corresponding to 12 amino acids near the center of SARS-CoV-2 Spike glycoprotein. The immunogen is located within 650-700 amino acids of SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein.

Clonality

Polyclonal

Host

Rabbit

Isotype

IgG

Scientific Data Images for SARS-CoV-2 Spike Antibody - BSA Free

ELISA: SARS-CoV-2 Spike Antibody - BSA Free [NBP3-11940]

ELISA: SARS-CoV-2 Spike Antibody - BSA Free [NBP3-11940]

ELISA: SARS-CoV-2 Spike Antibody [NBP3-11940] - Validation of SARS-Cov-2 Spike Antibody with Spike S1 Protein of SARS-CoV-2 Variants. Coating Antigen: SARS-CoV-2 spike S1 proteins WT, alpha variant (B.1.1.7), beta variant (B.1.351), gamma variant (P.1), delta variant (B.1.617.2), and omicron variant (B.1.1.529), 1 ug/mL, incubated at 4C overnight. Detection Antibody: SARS-CoV-2 Spike antibody NBP3-11940, 0.2-1 ug/mL incubated at RT for 1 hr. Secondary Antibody: Goat anti-rabbit HRP at 1:20,000, incubate at RT for 1 hr. NBP3-11940 can detect spike S1 protein for all variants except omicron.
Western Blot: SARS-CoV-2 Spike AntibodyBSA Free [NBP3-11940]

Western Blot: SARS-CoV-2 Spike AntibodyBSA Free [NBP3-11940]

Western Blot: SARS-CoV-2 Spike Antibody [NBP3-11940] - Western Blot Validation with SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike S1 Recombinant Protein. Loading: 50 ng per lane of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike S1 recombinant protein. Antibodies: SARS-CoV-2 Spike, NBP3-11940, 1h incubation at RT in 5% NFDM/TBST. Secondary: Goat anti-rabbit IgG HRP conjugate at 1:10000 dilution. Lane 1: 1 ug/mL and Lane 2: 2 ug/mL.
Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence: SARS-CoV-2 Spike Antibody - BSA Free [NBP3-11940]

Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence: SARS-CoV-2 Spike Antibody - BSA Free [NBP3-11940]

Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: SARS-CoV-2 Spike Antibody [NBP3-11940] - Immunofluorescence Validation of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike (cleavage site) in 293 Transfected Cells. Immunofluorescent analysis of 4% paraformaldehyde-fixed Spike transfected 293cells labeling SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Spike (cleavage site) with NBP3-11940 at 10 mg/mL, followed by goat anti-rabbit IgG secondary antibody at 1/500 dilution (green) and DAPI staining (blue).
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Applications for SARS-CoV-2 Spike Antibody - BSA Free

Application
Recommended Usage

Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence

20 ug/mL

Sandwich ELISA

10 ug/ml

Western Blot

0.5-4 ug/mL

Formulation, Preparation, and Storage

Purification

Peptide affinity purified

Formulation

PBS

Format

BSA Free

Preservative

0.02% Sodium Azide

Concentration

1 mg/ml

Shipping

The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.

Stability & Storage

Store at 4C short term. Aliquot and store at -20C long term. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.

Background: Spike

The SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein is one of the four major structural proteins of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of COVID-19 (1,2). The spike protein is the largest of the structural proteins, which also include the membrane (M), envelope (E), and nucleocapsid (N) proteins (1,2). The SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is a 1273 amino acid (aa) heterotrimeric class I fusion protein with each monomer having a theoretical molecular weight of approximately 180 kDa (1). The club-shaped spike protein contains several functional regions and domains including the S1 globular head region which contains the N-terminal receptor-binding domain (RBD) and the S2 stem region that contains the C-terminal fusion domain, two heptad regions, a transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic tail (1,2). The viral spike protein is critical for attachment of the virus with the host cell, resulting in fusion and virus entry into the cell (1,2). More specifically, the RBD of the spike protein is responsible for binding to the cell surface receptor angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) (1,2). This spike-ACE2 interaction results in a conformational change permitting furin cleavage between the S1 and S2 domains and then cleavage at S2' by TMPRRS2, or another protease, allowing membrane fusion (1,2).

Given the critical role of the spike protein RBD in the interaction with the ACE2 receptor and viral entry, a number of neutralizing antibodies against the RBD have been developed as potential therapeutics for treating COVID-19 (3). These antibodies bind the RBD domain on the S1 subunit inhibiting the interaction with ACE2 (3). However, more studies need to be done as neutralizing antibodies can result in antibody-dependent enhancement, in which the viral entry and replication within the host cell is increased (4). One potential way to combat antibody-dependent enhancement is the use of nanobodies (4). Furthermore, there are currently several vaccine strategies that are in clinical trials, or recently federally approved, that utilize the spike protein in different forms (e.g. full length, S1 RBD, RBD-Fc, N-terminal) for protecting against SARS-CoV-2 infection (4,5). These vaccine strategies include DNA vaccines, viral vector-based vaccines, RNA vaccines, and subunit vaccines (4,5).

References

1. Pillay T. S. (2020). Gene of the month: the 2019-nCoV/SARS-CoV-2 novel coronavirus spike protein. Journal of Clinical Pathology. https://doi.org/10.1136/jclinpath-2020-206658

2. Malik Y. A. (2020). Properties of Coronavirus and SARS-CoV-2. The Malaysian Journal of Pathology.

3. Ho M. (2020). Perspectives on the development of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. Antibody Therapeutics. https://doi.org/10.1093/abt/tbaa009

4. Samrat, S. K., Tharappel, A. M., Li, Z., & Li, H. (2020). Prospect of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein: Potential role in vaccine and therapeutic development. Virus Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virusres.2020.198141

5. Sternberg, A., & Naujokat, C. (2020). Structural features of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 spike protein: Targets for vaccination. Life Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118056

Long Name

Spike Protein

Alternate Names

S Protein

Gene Symbol

S

Additional Spike Products

Product Documents for SARS-CoV-2 Spike Antibody - BSA Free

Product Datasheets

Certificate of Analysis

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Product Specific Notices for SARS-CoV-2 Spike Antibody - BSA Free

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

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