TLR4 Antibody - BSA Free
Novus Biologicals, part of Bio-Techne | Catalog # NB100-56581
![Western Blot: TLR4 AntibodyBSA Free [NB100-56581]](https://resources.bio-techne.com/images/products/TLR4-Antibody-Western-Blot-NB100-56581-img0008.jpg "Western Blot: TLR4 AntibodyBSA Free [NB100-56581]")
Conjugate
Catalog #
Key Product Details
Species Reactivity
Validated:
Human, Mouse, Rat
Cited:
Human, Mouse, Rat
Applications
Validated:
Flow Cytometry, Immunoblotting, Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence, Immunohistochemistry, Immunohistochemistry-Frozen, Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin, Proximity Ligation Assay, Western Blot
Cited:
Flow Cytometry, IF/IHC, Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence, Immunohistochemistry-Frozen, Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin, Proximity Ligation Assay, Western Blot
Label
Unconjugated
Antibody Source
Polyclonal Rabbit IgG
Format
BSA Free
Concentration
1.12 mg/ml
Product Specifications
Immunogen
This TLR4 antibody was developed against a synthetic peptide made to an internal portion of the mouse TLR4 protein (between residues 400-450) [Q9QUK6].
Reactivity Notes
Rat reactivity reported in scientific literature (PMID: 23744481).
Localization
Membrane
Clonality
Polyclonal
Host
Rabbit
Isotype
IgG
Theoretical MW
95.7 kDa.
Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.
Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.
Scientific Data Images for TLR4 Antibody - BSA Free
Western Blot: TLR4 AntibodyBSA Free [NB100-56581]
Western Blot: TLR4 Antibody [NB100-56581] - Analysis of TLR4 using NB100-56581 at 2 ug/mL on partial recombinant mouse TLR4 protein.![Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence: TLR4 Antibody - BSA Free [NB100-56581]](https://resources.bio-techne.com/images/products/TLR4-Antibody-Immunocytochemistry-Immunofluorescence-NB100-56581-img0007.jpg "Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence: TLR4 Antibody - BSA Free [NB100-56581]")
Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence: TLR4 Antibody - BSA Free [NB100-56581]
Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: TLR4 Antibody [NB100-56581] - TLR4 antibody was tested in PC-12 cells with FITC (green). Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue).![Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: TLR4 Antibody - BSA Free [NB100-56581]](https://resources.bio-techne.com/images/products/TLR4-Antibody-Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin-NB100-56581-img0009.jpg "Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: TLR4 Antibody - BSA Free [NB100-56581]")
Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: TLR4 Antibody - BSA Free [NB100-56581]
Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: TLR4 Antibody [NB100-56581] - Analysis of TLR4 in FFPE mouse spleen tissue using NB100-56581 (A) and mouse isotype control (B) at 5 mg/mL.Applications for TLR4 Antibody - BSA Free
Application
Recommended Usage
Flow Cytometry
1:10 - 1:1000
Immunoblotting
reported in scientific literature (PMID 23744481)
Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence
1:25 - 1:75
Immunohistochemistry
1:50
Immunohistochemistry-Frozen
reported in scientific literature (PMID 24128422)
Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin
1:50
Proximity Ligation Assay
reported in scientific literature (PMID 30579042)
Western Blot
1 - 3 ug/mL
Please Note: Optimal dilutions of this antibody should be experimentally determined.
Reviewed Applications
Read 1 review rated 4 using NB100-56581 in the following applications:
Formulation, Preparation, and Storage
Purification
Immunogen affinity purified
Formulation
PBS, 30% Glycerol
Format
BSA Free
Preservative
0.05% Sodium Azide
Concentration
1.12 mg/ml
Shipping
The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage
Store at 4C short term. Aliquot and store at -20C long term. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.
Background: TLR4
TLR4 signaling occurs through two distinct pathways: The MyD88 (myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88)-dependent pathway and the MyD88-independent (TRIF-dependent, TIR domain-containing adaptor inducing IFN-beta) pathway (3, 5-7). The MyD88-dependent pathway occurs mainly at the plasma membrane and involves the binding of MyD88-adaptor-like (MAL) protein followed by a signaling cascade that results in the activation of transcription factors including nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) that promote the secretion of inflammatory molecules and increased phagocytosis (5-7). Conversely, the MyD88-independent pathway occurs after TLR4-MD2 complex internalization in the endosomal compartment. This pathway involves the binding of adapter proteins TRIF and TRIF-related adaptor molecule (TRAM), a signaling activation cascade resulting in IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) translocation into the nucleus, and secretion of interferon-beta (INF-beta) genes and increased phagocytosis (5-7).
Given its expression on immune-related cells and its role in inflammation, TLR4 activation can contribute to various diseases (6-8). For instance, several studies have found that TLR4 activation is associated with neurodegeneration and several central nervous system (CNS) pathologies, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease (6, 7). Furthermore, TLR4 mutations have been shown to lead to higher rates of infections and increased susceptibility to sepsis (7-8). One potential therapeutic approach aimed at targeting TLR4 and neuroinflammation is polyphenolic compounds which include flavonoids and phenolic acids and alcohols (8).
Alternative names for TLR4 includes 76B357.1, ARMD10, CD284 antigen, CD284, EC 3.2.2.6, homolog of Drosophila toll, hToll, toll like receptor 4 protein, TOLL, toll-like receptor 4.
References
1. Vaure, C., & Liu, Y. (2014). A comparative review of toll-like receptor 4 expression and functionality in different animal species. Frontiers in immunology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00316
2. Park, B. S., & Lee, J. O. (2013). Recognition of lipopolysaccharide pattern by TLR4 complexes. Experimental & molecular medicine. https://doi.org/10.1038/emm.2013.97
3. Krishnan, J., Anwar, M.A., & Choi, S. (2016) TLR4 (Toll-Like Receptor 4). In: Choi S. (eds) Encyclopedia of Signaling Molecules. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6438-9_592-1
4. Botos, I., Segal, D. M., & Davies, D. R. (2011). The structural biology of Toll-like receptors. Structure. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.str.2011.02.004
5. Lu, Y. C., Yeh, W. C., & Ohashi, P. S. (2008). LPS/TLR4 signal transduction pathway. Cytokine. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cyto.2008.01.006
6. Leitner, G. R., Wenzel, T. J., Marshall, N., Gates, E. J., & Klegeris, A. (2019). Targeting toll-like receptor 4 to modulate neuroinflammation in central nervous system disorders. Expert opinion on therapeutic targets. https://doi.org/10.1080/14728222.2019.1676416
7. Molteni, M., Gemma, S., & Rossetti, C. (2016). The Role of Toll-Like Receptor 4 in Infectious and Noninfectious Inflammation. Mediators of inflammation. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/6978936
8. Rahimifard, M., Maqbool, F., Moeini-Nodeh, S., Niaz, K., Abdollahi, M., Braidy, N., Nabavi, S. M., & Nabavi, S. F. (2017). Targeting the TLR4 signaling pathway by polyphenols: A novel therapeutic strategy for neuroinflammation. Ageing research reviews. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2017.02.004
Long Name
Toll-like Receptor 4
Alternate Names
CD284
Gene Symbol
TLR4
UniProt
Additional TLR4 Products
Product Documents for TLR4 Antibody - BSA Free
Product Specific Notices for TLR4 Antibody - BSA Free
This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.
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