Recombinant Human GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 (CHO-expressed)
R&D Systems, part of Bio-Techne | Catalog # 6987-GL
Key Product Details
Source
CHO
Accession #
Structure / Form
Non-covalently-linked trimer
Conjugate
Unconjugated
Applications
Bioactivity
Product Specifications
Source
Chinese Hamster Ovary cell line, CHO-derived human GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 protein
| Hemagglutinin Tag (YPYDVPDYA) |
GCN4-IZ | GGGSGGGSGGGS | Human GITR Ligand (Glu52-Ser177) Accession # Q9UNG2.3 |
| N-terminus | C-terminus | ||
Purity
>95%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.
Endotoxin Level
<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.
N-terminal Sequence Analysis
Tyr
Predicted Molecular Mass
19.6 kDa (monomer)
SDS-PAGE
21-30 kDa, reducing conditions
Activity
Measured by its ability to induce IL-8 secretion in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells transfected with human GITR. Wyzgol, A. et al. (2009) J. Immunol. 183:1851.
The ED50 for this effect is 4-20 ng/mL. The activity can be enhanced approximately 10-fold in the presence of
Mouse Anti-Hemagglutinin/HA Peptide Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB060).
The ED50 for this effect is 4-20 ng/mL. The activity can be enhanced approximately 10-fold in the presence of
Mouse Anti-Hemagglutinin/HA Peptide Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB060).
Reviewed Applications
Read 1 review rated 4 using 6987-GL in the following applications:
Formulation, Preparation and Storage
Carrier Free
What does CF mean?CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.
What formulation is right for me?In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.
Carrier: 6987-GL
| Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with BSA as a carrier protein. |
| Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin. |
| Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
| Stability & Storage | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
Carrier Free: 6987-GL/CF
| Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS. |
| Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in PBS. |
| Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
| Stability & Storage | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
Background: GITR Ligand/TNFSF18
GITR Ligand, also known as TNFSF18 and TL6, is an approximately 30 kDa type II transmembrane glycoprotein in the TNF superfamily (1). Human GITR Ligand consists of a 50 amino acid (aa) cytoplasmic domain, a 21 aa transmembrane segment, and a 128 aa extracellular domain (ECD) (2, 3). Within the ECD, human GITR Ligand shares 56% and 60% aa sequence identity with mouse and rat GITR Ligand, respectively. GITR Ligand is expressed on antigen presenting cells,
CD4-CD8- double negative thymic precursors, vascular endothelial cells, neurons, and in the eye (4-11). Its expression is transiently up‑regulated by proinflammatory stimulation (4, 8, 11). The binding of GITR Ligand to GITR on mouse CD25+ Treg cells permits the reactivation of T cells from Treg-induced suppression, although this does not appear to occur in humans (5, 9, 12-14). GITR Ligand binding to GITR additionally provides a co‑stimulatory signal to activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and NK cells (5, 6, 15, 16). This interaction also induces reverse signaling in GITR Ligand expressing dendritic cells to suppress cellular activation through the same pathway induced by the immunosuppressant dexamethasone (17). In the brain, GITR Ligand/GITR interactions enhance NGF-mediated neurite outgrowth from sympathetic neurons (10).
References
- Azuma, M. (2010) Crit. Rev. Immunol. 30:547.
- Kwon, B. et al. (1999) J. Biol. Chem. 274:6056.
- Gurney, A.L. et al. (1999) Curr. Biol. 9:215.
- Stephens, G.L. et al. (2004) J. Immunol. 173:5008.
- Tone, M. et al. (2003) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 100:15059.
- Hanabuchi, S. et al. (2006) Blood 107:3617.
- Kamimura, Y. et al. (2009) J. Immunol. 182:2708.
- Hwang, H. et al. (2010) J. Neurosci. Res. 88:2188.
- Tuyaerts, S. et al. (2007) J. Leukoc. Biol. 82:93.
- O’Keefe, G.W. et al. (2008) Nat. Neurosci. 11:135.
- Kim, B.J. et al. (2004) Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 45:3170.
- Shimizu, J. et al. (2002) Nat. Immunol. 3:135.
- Ji, H. et al. (2004) J. Immunol. 172:5823.
- McHugh, R.S. et al. (2002) Immunity 16:311.
- Kanamaru, F. et al. (2004) J. Immunol. 172:7306.
- Ronchetti, S. et al. (2004) Eur. J. Immunol. 34:613.
- Grohmann, U. et al. (2007) Nat. Med. 13:579.
Long Name
Glucocorticoid Induced TNF Receptor Family Related Gene Ligand
Alternate Names
AITRL, GITRL, TNFSF18
Gene Symbol
TNFSF18
UniProt
Additional GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 Products
Product Documents for Recombinant Human GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 (CHO-expressed)
Product Specific Notices for Recombinant Human GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 (CHO-expressed)
For research use only
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