Recombinant Human IL-18/IL-1F4 Protein

R&D Systems, part of Bio-Techne | Catalog # B001-5

A New rh IL-18 is Now Available! Competitively priced; Higher purity; Lower endotoxin; Manufactured in-house!
R&D Systems, part of Bio-Techne
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B001-5
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Key Product Details

Source

E. coli

Conjugate

Unconjugated

Applications

Bioactivity

View all IL-18/IL-1F4 Proteins and Enzymes »

Product Specifications

Source

E. coli-derived human IL-18/IL-1F4 protein
37-193 aa

Purity

>90%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by Colloidal Coomassie® Blue stain.

Endotoxin Level

<1.0 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

Predicted Molecular Mass

18 kDa

Activity

Induction of IFN-gamma by KG-1 cell [human myelomonocyte; ATCC CCL246] in response to the recombinant human IL-18 was measured using human IFN-gamma ELISA. The activity of lot 111 was as follows: IL-18 final concentration 10 ng/mL; IFN-gamma induction 48.1 IU/mL and IL-18 final concentration 20 ng/mL; IFN-gamma induction 64.3 IU/mL.

Formulation, Preparation and Storage

B001-5
Formulation 25 μg in PBS containing 0.1% BSA and 1% sucrose.
Reconstitution
Reconstitute in 250 μL of ice-cold distilled water on ice.

Reconstitution Buffer Available:
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Shipping The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage Store the unopened product at -20 to -70 °C. Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Do not use past expiration date.

Background: IL-18/IL-1F4

Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a proinflammatory cytokine in the IL-1 family that exerts distinct immune effects depending on the local cytokine environment. It is expressed as a 24 kDa precursor by endothelial and epithelial cells, keratinocytes, gamma delta T cells, and phagocytes. The precursor is activated intracellularly by Caspase-1 mediated proteolysis to release the 17 kDa mature cytokine. The precursor can also be released by necrotic cells for extracellular cleavage by multiple proteases.
IL-18 activation is induced by infection or tissue damage and contributes to disease pathology in chronic inflammation (1-3). IL-18 binds to the widely expressed IL-18 R alpha which recruits IL-18 R beta to form the signaling receptor complex (4, 5). Its bioactivity is negatively regulated by interactions with IL-18 binding proteins and virally encoded IL-18BP homologs (6). In the presence of IL-12 or IL-15, IL-18 enhances anti-viral Th1 immune responses by inducing IFN-gamma production and the cytolytic activity of CD8+ T cells and NK cells (7, 8). In the absence of IL-12 or IL-15, however, IL-18 promotes production of the Th2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-13 by CD4+ T cells and basophils (9, 10). In the presence of IL-1 beta or IL-23, IL-18 induces the antigen-independent production of IL-17 by gamma delta T cells and CD4+ T cells (11). IL-18 also promotes myeloid dendritic cell maturation and triggers neutrophil respiratory burst (12, 13). In cancer, IL-18 exhibits diverse activities including enhancing anti-tumor immunity, inhibiting or promoting angiogenesis, and promoting tumor cell metastasis (14). Mature human IL-18 shares approximately 63% amino acid sequence identity with mouse and rat IL-18 (15). Alternative splicing in human ovarian cancer generates an isoform that is resistant to Caspase-1 activation (16). A cell surface form can be expressed on M-CSF induced macrophages and released in response to bacterial endotoxin (17).

References

  1. Dinarello, C.A. et al. (2013) Front. Immunol. 4:289.
  2. Smith, D.E. (2011) J. Leukoc. Biol. 89:383.
  3. Gu, Y. et al. (1997) Science 275:206.
  4. Torigoe, K. et al. (1997) J. Biol. Chem. 272:25737.
  5. Cheung, H. et al. (2005) J. Immunol. 174:5351.
  6. Novick, D. et al. (1999) Immunity 10:127.
  7. Fehniger, T.A. et al. (1999) J. Immunol. 162:4511.
  8. Yoshimoto, T. et al. (1998) J. Immunol. 161:3400.
  9. Yoshimoto, T. et al. (2000) Nat. Immunol. 1:132.
  10. Kroeger, K.M. et al. (2009) J. Leukoc. Biol. 86:769.
  11. Lalor, S.J. et al. (2011) J. Immunol. 186:5738.
  12. Li, J. et al. (2004) Cell. Immunol. 227:103.
  13. Elbim, C. et al. (2005) Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol. 12:436.
  14. Fabbi, M. et al. (2015) J. Leukoc. Biol. 97:665.
  15. Ushio, S. et al. (1996) J. Immunol. 156:4274.
  16. Gaggero, A. et al. (2004) Oncogene 23:7552.
  17. Bellora, F. et al. (2012) Eur. J. Immunol. 42:1618.

Long Name

Interleukin 18

Alternate Names

IGIF, IL-1F4, IL-1g, IL18

Entrez Gene IDs

3606 (Human); 16173 (Mouse); 29197 (Rat); 397057 (Porcine); 574151 (Primate)

Gene Symbol

IL18

Additional IL-18/IL-1F4 Products

Product Documents for Recombinant Human IL-18/IL-1F4 Protein

Product Datasheets

Certificate of Analysis

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Note: Certificate of Analysis not available for kit components.

Product Specific Notices for Recombinant Human IL-18/IL-1F4 Protein

For research use only

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