ARNT/HIF-1 beta Antibody - Purified
Novus Biologicals, part of Bio-Techne | Catalog # NBP3-25350
Key Product Details
Species Reactivity
Validated:
Human, Mouse, Rat, Bovine, Canine, Ferret, Fish, Sheep
Applications
Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP), Gel Supershift Assay, Immunoblotting, Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence, Immunohistochemistry, Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin, Immunoprecipitation, Simple Western, Western Blot
Label
Unconjugated
Antibody Source
Polyclonal Rabbit IgG
Format
Purified
Concentration
1.0 mg/ml
Product Summary for ARNT/HIF-1 beta Antibody - Purified
Immunogen
ARNT/HIF-1 beta Antibody was developed against a fusion protein to human HIF-1 beta containing amino acids 496-789. [UniProt# P27540]
Localization
Nuclear
Specificity
ARNT/HIF-1 beta Antibody is specific for HIF-1 beta/ARNT. It is not known if NB100-110 cross-reacts with ARNT2 which is related to HIF-1 beta/ARNT but is the product of a different gene.
Clonality
Polyclonal
Host
Rabbit
Isotype
IgG
Applications for ARNT/HIF-1 beta Antibody - Purified
Application
Recommended Usage
Immunohistochemistry
1:200
Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin
1:200
Western Blot
1 - 2 ug/ml
Please Note: Optimal dilutions of this antibody should be experimentally determined.
Formulation, Preparation, and Storage
Purification
Protein A or G purified
Formulation
PBS
Format
Purified
Preservative
0.02% Sodium Azide
Concentration
1.0 mg/ml
Stability & Storage
Store at 4C short term. Aliquot and store at -20C long term. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.
Background: ARNT/HIF-1 beta
ARNT has an important role in two specific signaling pathways - the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and the hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) pathway (1). In the AhR pathway, AhR in the cytosol is typically inactive and bound to heat shock protein 90 (hsp90) (3). Upon activation and ligand binding by environmental pollutants such as dioxins, AhR is translocated to the nucleus, dissociates from hsp90, and dimerizes with ARNT, leading to binding to response elements and expression of target genes including monooxygenases (1, 3). In the HIF pathway, under hypoxia (low oxygen) conditions prolylhydroxylase domain (PHD) enzymes and factor inhibiting HIF (FIH) are inhibited. HIF-1 alpha (or HIF-2 alpha) accumulates and is transported to the nucleus where it heterodimerizes with ARNT, allowing for binding to target gene's hypoxia response element (HRE), recruitment of coactivators, and transcription (1, 3). HIF-induced gene transcription plays a large role in tumor progression by promoting invasion, metastasis, de-differentiation and altered metabolism, and angiogenesis (1). While HIF-1 alpha's stability is dependent upon oxygen conditions, HIF-1 beta is stable in both normoxia and hypoxia (1-3).
The bHLH-PAS family and ARNT have been linked with a variety of pathologies and diseases including cancer, metabolic diseases, autoimmune diseases, and psychiatric disorders (2). ARNT/AHR is expressed in the skin and its pathway activation enhances skin barrier function and epidermal terminal differentiation, thus AHR agonists are currently being used as therapeutics for atopic dermatitis and psoriasis (4). Accordingly, studies of Arnt-deficient mice show profound abnormalities in skin barrier function and keratinization (4). Additionally, studies suggest that ARNT plays an important role in diabetes and beta-cell function (5). Islets from patients with type 2 diabetes have a significantly decreased ARNT expression compared to glucose-tolerant control donors (5). Modulation and stimulation of the HIF pathway may be a potential therapeutic strategy for treating type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome (5).
Alternate names for ARNT/HIF-1 beta include aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator, BHLHE2, class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 2, Dixon receptor nuclear translocator, Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-beta, nuclear translocator, and TANGO.
References
1. Mandl, M., & Depping, R. (2014). Hypoxia-inducible aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT) (HIF-1beta): is it a rare exception?. Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.). https://doi.org/10.2119/molmed.2014.00032
2. Wu, D., & Rastinejad, F. (2017). Structural characterization of mammalian bHLH-PAS transcription factors. Current opinion in structural biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbi.2016.09.011
3. Esser, C., & Rannug, A. (2015). The aryl hydrocarbon receptor in barrier organ physiology, immunology, and toxicology. Pharmacological reviews.https://doi.org/10.1124/pr.114.009001
4. Furue, M., Hashimoto-Hachiya, A., & Tsuji, G. (2019). Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in Atopic Dermatitis and Psoriasis. International journal of molecular sciences. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20215424
5. Girgis, C. M., Cheng, K., Scott, C. H., & Gunton, J. E. (2012). Novel links between HIFs, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Trends in endocrinology and metabolism: TEM, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tem.2012.05.003
Long Name
Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Nuclear Translocator
Alternate Names
HIF-1 beta, HIF1 beta, TANGO
Gene Symbol
ARNT
Additional ARNT/HIF-1 beta Products
Product Documents for ARNT/HIF-1 beta Antibody - Purified
Product Specific Notices for ARNT/HIF-1 beta Antibody - Purified
This antibody is the purified format of NB100-110.
This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.
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