INTENDED USE & DESCRIPTION
For use as quantitative controls for the determination of cytokine concentrations in biological fluids. Concentrations have been assigned using R&D Systems’ Quantikine® kits. Controls are prepared in a buffered protein solution with preservatives. They contain recombinant human cytokines at low, medium and high concentrations. Controls are supplied lyophilized.
STORAGE & STABILITY
Unreconstituted Controls should be stored at 2-8 °C and are stable for at least 6 months from date of receipt. Depending on the analyte of interest, reconstituted controls may be stable when stored at
REAGENT PREPARATION
Reconstitute each vial with the volume of deionized or distilled water indicated on the product datasheet.
PROCEDURE & EXPECTED VALUES
Controls should be assayed in the same manner as unknown specimens.
The acceptable ranges for the analytes in these controls are printed on the product datasheet. Due to possible variations in techniques and methodologies, it is recommended that each laboratory determine its own target range. Laboratories using other test systems should establish their own acceptable ranges as these assays may produce different values.
TECHNICAL HINTS & LIMITATIONS OF THE PROCEDURE
• The ranges were determined using R&D Systems’ Quantikine kits. If expected values are not obtained, verify that the lot numbers on the vials correspond with the lot numbers listed above and the correct volume of deionized or distilled water was used for reconstitution of the controls.
• The results obtained with these controls depend upon several factors associated with methods and instrumentation. Test systems other than those supplied by R&D Systems may result in values that differ from those printed on this product datasheet.
The Lipocalin family comprises a diverse group of mostly secreted soluble proteins that bind hydrophobic ligands and act as transporters, carrying small molecules to specific cells. Lipocalins are related by possessing an 8-stranded beta-barrel structure. Lipocalin-1, also named tear lipocalin (TL), von Ebners gland protein (VEG) and tear pre-albumin, binds a large number of hydrophobic molecules and exhibits cysteine proteinase inhibitor and endonuclear activities. Lipocalin-2, also known as neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), is a component of granules in neutrophils from tissues that are normally exposed to microorganisms and is upregulated during inflammation. Lipocalin-2 can form homodimers and can heterodimerize with the neutrophil gelatinase MMP-9.
