AKT2 [p Ser474] Antibody

Novus Biologicals, part of Bio-Techne | Catalog # NB100-81780

Novus Biologicals, part of Bio-Techne
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NB100-81780
NB100-81780-0.025ml
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Key Product Details

Validated by

Biological Validation

Species Reactivity

Human, Mouse, Rat

Applications

Validated:

Immunohistochemistry, Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin, Western Blot

Cited:

Western Blot

Label

Unconjugated

Antibody Source

Polyclonal Rabbit IgG

Concentration

1.0 mg/ml

View all Akt2 Antibodies »

Product Specifications

Immunogen

The antiserum was produced against synthesized phosphopeptide derived from human AKT2 around the phosphorylation site of serine 474 (Q-F-SP-Y-S).

Modification

p Ser474

Specificity

Detects endogenous levels of AKT2 only when phosphorylated at serine 474.

Clonality

Polyclonal

Host

Rabbit

Isotype

IgG

Theoretical MW

56 kDa.
Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.

Scientific Data Images for AKT2 [p Ser474] Antibody

Western Blot: AKT2 [p Ser474] Antibody [NB100-81780]

Western Blot: AKT2 [p Ser474] Antibody [NB100-81780]

Western Blot: AKT2 [p Ser474] Antibody [NB100-81780] - Analysis of extracts from 293 cells, treated with serum or calf intestinal phosphatase (CIP), using Akt2 (Phospho-Ser474) Antibody.

Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: AKT2 [p Ser474] Antibody [NB100-81780] -

Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: AKT2 [p Ser474] Antibody [NB100-81780] - Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human lung carcinoma tissue using NB100-81780 (left) or the same antibody preincubated with blocking peptide (right).

Western Blot: AKT2 [p Ser474] Antibody [NB100-81780] -

Western Blot: AKT2 [p Ser474] Antibody [NB100-81780] - Analysis of extracts from 293 cells untreated(lane 1) or treated with serum (lane 2) using NB100-81780

Applications for AKT2 [p Ser474] Antibody

Application
Recommended Usage

Immunohistochemistry

1:50-1:100

Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin

1:50-1:100

Western Blot

1:500-1:1000
Please Note: Optimal dilutions of this antibody should be experimentally determined.

Formulation, Preparation, and Storage

Purification

Immunogen affinity purified

Formulation

PBS (without Mg2+ and Ca2+), pH 7.4, 150 mM NaCl, 50% glycerol

Preservative

0.02% Sodium Azide

Concentration

1.0 mg/ml

Shipping

The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.

Stability & Storage

Store at 4C short term. Aliquot and store at -20C long term. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.

Background: Akt2

AKT (also known as protein kinase B (PKB) and RAC (related to A and C kinases)) is a critical intracellular serine/threonine kinase that translates signals from extracellular stimuli including growth factors, cytokines and neurotransmitters (1). AKT signaling plays critical roles in cell growth, proliferation, survival and differentiation (1). It is also involved in organogenesis, angiogenesis and metabolism. Three mammalian AKT isoforms have been identified. The AKT pathway can be activated by any of the three members who share a high level of protein homology but are independently encoded by AKT1 (PKB alpha; 14q32.32), AKT2 (PKB beta; 19q13.2), or AKT3 (PKB gamma; 1q44) (1, 2). Each AKT family member contains an N-terminal pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, a central kinase domain, and a C-terminal regulatory domain. AKT mediates many of the downstream events of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K), a lipid kinase activated by growth factors, cytokines and insulin. PI3-K recruits AKT to the membrane, where it is activated by PDK1 phosphorylation. AKT has two main phosphorylation sites (Ser473 and Thr308, predicted molecular weight 56 kDa) (3, 4). Once phosphorylated, AKT dissociates from the membrane and phosphorylates targets in the cytoplasm and the cell nucleus including mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR).

The main function of AKT is to control inhibition of apoptosis and promote cell proliferation. Survival factors can activate AKT Ser473 and Thr308 phosphorylation sites in a transcription-independent manner, resulting in the inactivation of apoptotic signaling transduction through the tumor suppressor PTEN, an antagonist to PI3-K (5). PTEN exerts enzymatic activity as a phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) phosphatase, opposing PI3K activity by decreasing availability of PIP3 to proliferating cells, leading to overexpression and inappropriate activation of AKT noted in many types of cancer.

AKT1 function has been linked to overall physiological growth and function (2). AKT1 has been correlated with proteus syndrome, a rare disorder characterized by overgrowth of various tissues caused by a mosaic variant in the AKT1 gene in humans.

AKT2 is strongly correlated with Type II diabetes, including phenotypes of insulin resistance, hyperglycemia and atherosclerosis (2, 6).

The function of AKT3 is specifically associated to brain development, where disruptions to AKT3 are correlated with microcephaly, hemimegalencephaly, megalencephaly and intellectual disabilities (2).

References

1. Ersahin, T., Tuncbag, N., & Cetin-Atalay, R. (2015). The PI3K/AKT/mTOR interactive pathway. Mol Biosyst, 11(7), 1946-1954. doi:10.1039/c5mb00101c

2. Cohen, M. M., Jr. (2013). The AKT genes and their roles in various disorders. Am J Med Genet A, 161a(12), 2931-2937. doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.36101

3. Georgescu, M. M. (2010). PTEN Tumor Suppressor Network in PI3K-Akt Pathway Control. Genes Cancer, 1(12), 1170-1177. doi:10.1177/1947601911407325

4. Mishra, P., Paital, B., Jena, S., Swain, S. S., Kumar, S., Yadav, M. K., . . . Samanta, L. (2019). Possible activation of NRF2 by Vitamin E/Curcumin against altered thyroid hormone induced oxidative stress via NFkB/AKT/mTOR/KEAP1 signalling in rat heart. Sci Rep, 9(1), 7408. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-43320-5

5. Wedel, S., Hudak, L., Seibel, J. M., Juengel, E., Oppermann, E., Haferkamp, A., & Blaheta, R. A. (2011). Critical analysis of simultaneous blockage of histone deacetylase and multiple receptor tyrosine kinase in the treatment of prostate cancer. Prostate, 71(7), 722-735. doi:10.1002/pros.21288

6. Rotllan, N., Chamorro-Jorganes, A., Araldi, E., Wanschel, A. C., Aryal, B., Aranda, J. F., . . . Fernandez-Hernando, C. (2015). Hematopoietic Akt2 deficiency attenuates the progression of atherosclerosis. Faseb j, 29(2), 597-610. doi:10.1096/fj.14-262097

Long Name

v-Akt Murine Thymoma Viral Oncogene Homolog 2

Alternate Names

PKB beta, RAC-beta

Entrez Gene IDs

208 (Human); 11652 (Mouse); 25233 (Rat)

Gene Symbol

AKT2

UniProt

P31751

Additional Akt2 Products

Product Documents for AKT2 [p Ser474] Antibody

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Product Specific Notices for AKT2 [p Ser474] Antibody

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

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