Human IL-17RC APC-conjugated Antibody

IL-17 receptor C (IL-17RC; also known as IL-17RL and IL-17 Rhom) is an 85‑110 kDa member of the IL-17 receptor family. This is one of five families that currently comprise the cytokine receptor superfamily (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6). At this time, there are five members within the IL-17 receptor family, and these are termed IL-17RA, B, C, D and E. Not all receptors appear to bind known members of the IL-17 cytokine family. To date, IL-17RA is reported to bind IL-17(A), while IL-17RB is reported to bind IL-17B and IL-17E (2, 4). Human IL-17RC is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein that is expressed on a variety of nonhematopoietic cell types. These include endothelial cells (6, 7), chondrocytes and osteoblasts (8), breast and prostatic epithelium (6), and fibroblasts, plus renal tubular epithelium and skeletal muscle cells (8, 9). Full-length IL-17RC is synthesized as a 791 amino acid (aa) precursor (10, 11). It contains a 20 aa signal sequence, a 518 aa extracellular domain (ECD) (aa 21‑538), a 21 aa transmembrane segment, and a 232 aa cytoplasmic region. Although IL-17RA has two fibrinogen-like regions in its ECD that contribute to its function, no such architecture has been identified in the ECD of IL-17RC (12). Based on studies looking at exon deletions, a key ligand-binding site would appear to exist over aa 425‑441 (13). The gene for human IL-17RC contains 19 exons. It is estimated that there are over 90 alternative splice forms, with transmembrane-containing isoforms predominating (6, 14). The full-length isoform is estimated to occur approximately 10% of the time, while the three most common isoforms, as a group, occur about 50% of the time. Based on limited information, alternative splicing appears to regulate ligand specificity (13). R&D Systems IL-17RC corresponds to IL-17RC isoform # 3, which shows deletions of aa 36‑106 and 264‑278 relative to the full-length form (10). Over the ECD, IL-17RC isoform #3 is 68% aa identical to mouse IL-17RC ECD. IL-17RC is the cognate receptor for IL-17F, and binds IL-17A with similar affinity (13). With IL-17RA, it forms a definitive receptor for both IL-17A and IL-17F. The stoichiometry is unclear; it may form a heterodimer with IL-17RA, or a heterotrimer with a preexisting IL-17RA homodimer (4, 9, 13, 15). The heteromeric nature of the receptor may be important given that the predominant form of the IL-17 cytokine is now considered to be an IL-17A:IL-17F heterodimer (4).