Human Tsukushi/TSK Antibody

R&D Systems, part of Bio-Techne | Catalog # AF3940

R&D Systems, part of Bio-Techne
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AF3940
AF3940-SP
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Key Product Details

Species Reactivity

Human

Applications

Immunohistochemistry

Label

Unconjugated

Antibody Source

Polyclonal Goat IgG

View all Tsukushi/TSK Antibodies »

Product Specifications

Immunogen

Mouse myeloma cell line NS0-derived recombinant human Tsukushi/TSK
Thr17-Leu353
Accession # Q8WUA8

Specificity

Detects human Tsukushi/TSK in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In direct ELISAs, approximately 40% cross-reactivity with recombinant mouse TSK is observed.

Clonality

Polyclonal

Host

Goat

Isotype

IgG

Scientific Data Images for Human Tsukushi/TSK Antibody

Tsukushi/TSK antibody in Human Colon Cancer Tissue by Immunohistochemistry (IHC-P).

Tsukushi/TSK in Human Colon Cancer Tissue.

Tsukushi/TSK was detected in immersion fixed paraffin-embedded sections of human colon cancer tissue using Goat Anti-Human Tsukushi/TSK Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF3940) at 10 µg/mL overnight at 4 °C. Before incubation with the primary antibody, tissue was subjected to heat-induced epitope retrieval using Antigen Retrieval Reagent-Basic (Catalog # CTS013). Tissue was stained using the Anti-Goat HRP-DAB Cell & Tissue Staining Kit (brown; Catalog # CTS008) and counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). Lower panel shows a lack of labeling when primary antibodies are omitted and tissue is stained only with secondary antibody followed by incubation with detection reagents. Specific staining was localized to smooth muscle. View our protocol for Chromogenic IHC Staining of Paraffin-embedded Tissue Sections.

Applications for Human Tsukushi/TSK Antibody

Application
Recommended Usage

Immunohistochemistry

5-15 µg/mL
Sample: Immersion fixed paraffin-embedded sections of human colon cancer tissue

Formulation, Preparation, and Storage

Purification

Antigen Affinity-purified

Reconstitution

Sterile PBS to a final concentration of 0.2 mg/mL. For liquid material, refer to CoA for concentration.

Reconstitution Buffer Available:
Size / Price
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Formulation

Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.

Shipping

Lyophilized product is shipped at ambient temperature. Liquid small pack size (-SP) is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store immediately at the temperature recommended below.

Stability & Storage

Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: Tsukushi/TSK

TSK, also known as Tsukushi, is an atypical member of the small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP) family of extracellular matrix proteins (1, 2). All contain leucine-rich repeats (LRR) flanked by conserved cysteines, but the C-terminus of TSK resembles the structure of nyctalopin and chondroadherin rather than class I‑III SLRPs (1). The human TSK cDNA encodes a 16 amino acid (aa) signal sequence and a 337 aa secreted (presumably glycosylated) protein that contains nine LRR (2). Proteoglycan modification of TSK has not been shown. SLRP-like activity or expression of TSK has been identified in several contexts. TSK mRNA is upregulated by estrogen treatment in breast cancer cell lines, and so is proposed to be involved in hormonally regulated extracellular matrix remodeling (2). TSK is upregulated along with bone markers in Vitamin K2-treated osteosarcoma cell lines, mediated by the pregnane X receptor, PXR (3). TSK was also shown to contribute to vitamin K2-mediated enhancement of collagen accumulation. Other SLRPs have been shown to form a protective coat around collagen fibrils, shielding them from proteolysis (4). In rats, expression of TSK in liver, intestines and islets of Langerhans resembles the pattern of Glut2 (5). TSK transcription is upregulated by both estrogen and insulin in hepatocytes. In Xenopus and chick embryos, TSK is expressed in the middle primitive streak, where it binds and antagonizes BMP-4 and promotes dorsalization and formation of the neural crest and the primitive organizer (6, 7). Xenopus TSK also binds the extracellular region of delta-1, modulating Notch activity (7). Human TSK shows 87%, 86%, 86%, 85%, 52% and 50% aa identity with canine, mouse, rat, bovine, chick, and Xenopus TSK, respectively, with the highest identity in the first four LRR.

References

  1. McEwan, P.A. et al. (2006) J. Struct. Biol. 155:294.
  2. Charpentier, A.H. et al. (2000) Cancer Res. 60:5977.
  3. Ichikawa, T. et al. 2006, J. Biol. Chem. 281:16927.
  4. Geng, Y. et al. (2006) Matrix Biol. 25:484.
  5. Coffy, S. et al. (2005) Biochem. J. 385:165.
  6. Ohta, K. et al. (2004) Dev. Cell 7:347.
  7. Kuriyama, S. et al. (2006) Development 133:75.

Long Name

Tsukushin Leucine-rich Repeat Containing Protein 54

Alternate Names

E2IG4, LRRC54, TSKU

Entrez Gene IDs

25987 (Human)

Gene Symbol

TSKU

UniProt

Q8WUA8

Additional Tsukushi/TSK Products

Product Documents for Human Tsukushi/TSK Antibody

Product Datasheets

Certificate of Analysis

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Product Specific Notices for Human Tsukushi/TSK Antibody

For research use only

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