TLR4 Antibody (HTA125) [PE]
Novus Biologicals, part of Bio-Techne | Catalog # NB100-56062
Clone HTA125 was used by HLDA to establish CD designation.
Conjugate
Catalog #
Forumulation
Catalog #
Key Product Details
Species Reactivity
Validated:
Human, Mouse, Canine
Cited:
Human, Canine
Applications
Validated:
Flow (Cell Surface), Flow (Intracellular), Flow Cytometry, Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence, Western Blot (Negative)
Cited:
Flow (Cell Surface), Flow Cytometry, Flow Cytometry Control, Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence
Label
PE (Excitation = 488 nm, Emission = 575 nm)
Antibody Source
Monoclonal Mouse IgG2A Clone # HTA125
Concentration
Please see the vial label for concentration. If unlisted please contact technical services.
Product Specifications
Immunogen
This TLR4 Antibody (HTA125) [FITC] was developed by immunizing mice with Ba/F3 cell line expressing human TLR4 cell surface antigen.
Localization
Type I membrane protein.
Specificity
NB600-662 recognizes the human Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) cell surface antigen. TLR4, also known as CD284, has been demonstrated to act as a receptor for LPS on human monocytes and macrophages. TLR4 signalling of LPS stimulation requires the presence of the MD-2 molecule. TLR4 is weakly expressed by resting cells, but is upregulated following stimulation with LPS. This antibody has been demonstrated to block activation of monocytes with LPS.
Clonality
Monoclonal
Host
Mouse
Isotype
IgG2A
Theoretical MW
95.7 kDa.
Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.
Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.
Scientific Data Images for TLR4 Antibody (HTA125) [PE]
Flow Cytometry: TLR4 Antibody (HTA125) [PE] [NB100-56062] - Intracellular flow analysis of TLR4 in human PBMCs using NB100-56062 at 0.5 ug/10^6 cells. The shaded histogram represents cells without anti-TLR4 antibody; green represents the isotype control; red represents Nb100-56062, anti-TLR4.
Flow Cytometry: TLR4 Antibody (HTA125) [PE] [NB100-56062] - Cell surface analysis of TLR4 on ThP1 cells using TLR4 antibody at 2 ug/10^6 cells. The shaded histogram represents ThP1 cells only, green represents isotype control antibody, and red represents TLR4 antibody.
Applications for TLR4 Antibody (HTA125) [PE]
Application
Recommended Usage
Flow Cytometry
1 uL / 1 million cells
Application Notes
Optimal dilution of this antibody should be experimentally determined.
Formulation, Preparation, and Storage
Purification
Protein G purified
Formulation
PBS
Preservative
0.05% Sodium Azide
Concentration
Please see the vial label for concentration. If unlisted please contact technical services.
Shipping
The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage
Store at 4C in the dark.
Background: TLR4
TLR4 signaling occurs through two distinct pathways: The MyD88 (myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88)-dependent pathway and the MyD88-independent (TRIF-dependent, TIR domain-containing adaptor inducing IFN-beta) pathway (3, 5-7). The MyD88-dependent pathway occurs mainly at the plasma membrane and involves the binding of MyD88-adaptor-like (MAL) protein followed by a signaling cascade that results in the activation of transcription factors including nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) that promote the secretion of inflammatory molecules and increased phagocytosis (5-7). Conversely, the MyD88-independent pathway occurs after TLR4-MD2 complex internalization in the endosomal compartment. This pathway involves the binding of adapter proteins TRIF and TRIF-related adaptor molecule (TRAM), a signaling activation cascade resulting in IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) translocation into the nucleus, and secretion of interferon-beta (INF-beta) genes and increased phagocytosis (5-7).
Given its expression on immune-related cells and its role in inflammation, TLR4 activation can contribute to various diseases (6-8). For instance, several studies have found that TLR4 activation is associated with neurodegeneration and several central nervous system (CNS) pathologies, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease (6, 7). Furthermore, TLR4 mutations have been shown to lead to higher rates of infections and increased susceptibility to sepsis (7-8). One potential therapeutic approach aimed at targeting TLR4 and neuroinflammation is polyphenolic compounds which include flavonoids and phenolic acids and alcohols (8).
Alternative names for TLR4 includes 76B357.1, ARMD10, CD284 antigen, CD284, EC 3.2.2.6, homolog of Drosophila toll, hToll, toll like receptor 4 protein, TOLL, toll-like receptor 4.
References
1. Vaure, C., & Liu, Y. (2014). A comparative review of toll-like receptor 4 expression and functionality in different animal species. Frontiers in immunology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00316
2. Park, B. S., & Lee, J. O. (2013). Recognition of lipopolysaccharide pattern by TLR4 complexes. Experimental & molecular medicine. https://doi.org/10.1038/emm.2013.97
3. Krishnan, J., Anwar, M.A., & Choi, S. (2016) TLR4 (Toll-Like Receptor 4). In: Choi S. (eds) Encyclopedia of Signaling Molecules. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6438-9_592-1
4. Botos, I., Segal, D. M., & Davies, D. R. (2011). The structural biology of Toll-like receptors. Structure. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.str.2011.02.004
5. Lu, Y. C., Yeh, W. C., & Ohashi, P. S. (2008). LPS/TLR4 signal transduction pathway. Cytokine. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cyto.2008.01.006
6. Leitner, G. R., Wenzel, T. J., Marshall, N., Gates, E. J., & Klegeris, A. (2019). Targeting toll-like receptor 4 to modulate neuroinflammation in central nervous system disorders. Expert opinion on therapeutic targets. https://doi.org/10.1080/14728222.2019.1676416
7. Molteni, M., Gemma, S., & Rossetti, C. (2016). The Role of Toll-Like Receptor 4 in Infectious and Noninfectious Inflammation. Mediators of inflammation. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/6978936
8. Rahimifard, M., Maqbool, F., Moeini-Nodeh, S., Niaz, K., Abdollahi, M., Braidy, N., Nabavi, S. M., & Nabavi, S. F. (2017). Targeting the TLR4 signaling pathway by polyphenols: A novel therapeutic strategy for neuroinflammation. Ageing research reviews. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2017.02.004
Long Name
Toll-like Receptor 4
Alternate Names
CD284
Gene Symbol
TLR4
Additional TLR4 Products
Product Documents for TLR4 Antibody (HTA125) [PE]
Product Specific Notices for TLR4 Antibody (HTA125) [PE]
This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.
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