TLR7 Antibody

Novus Biologicals, part of Bio-Techne | Catalog # NB100-56588

Novus Biologicals, part of Bio-Techne
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NB100-56588
NB100-56588SS
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Key Product Details

Species Reactivity

Validated:

Human, Mouse

Cited:

Human, Mouse

Applications

Validated:

Flow (Cell Surface), Flow (Intracellular), Flow Cytometry, Immunohistochemistry, Immunohistochemistry-Frozen, Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin

Cited:

Flow (Cell Surface), Flow Cytometry, Flow Cytometry Control, Immunohistochemistry-Frozen, Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin

Label

Unconjugated

Antibody Source

Polyclonal Rabbit IgG

Concentration

1 mg/ml

View all TLR7 Antibodies »

Product Specifications

Immunogen

This antibody was developed against KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide corresponding to a portion of amino acids 684-701 of human TLR7 (NP_057646).

Reactivity Notes

72% sequence identity with rat protein.

Clonality

Polyclonal

Host

Rabbit

Isotype

IgG

Scientific Data Images for TLR7 Antibody

Flow Cytometry: TLR7 Antibody [NB100-56588]

Flow Cytometry: TLR7 Antibody [NB100-56588]

Flow Cytometry: TLR7 Antibody [NB100-56588] - Intracellular flow analysis of TLR7 in 10^6 ThP1 cells using 2 ug of NB100-56588. Shaded histogram represents cells without antibody. Green: isotype control. Red: TLR7 antibody. Intracellular flow kit was used for this test, and an anti-rabbit IgG PE conjugated secondary.
Flow Cytometry: TLR7 Antibody [NB100-56588]

Flow Cytometry: TLR7 Antibody [NB100-56588]

Flow Cytometry: TLR7 Antibody [NB100-56588] - Analysis using the PE conjugate of NB100-56588. Staining of TLR7 in human PBMCs (monocytes) using 0.5 ug/10^6 cells of NBP2-24761. The shaded histogram represents cells alone. Green: PE-conjugated rabbit IgG isotype control (20304D). Red: TLR7 antibody.
Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: TLR7 Antibody [NB100-56588]

Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: TLR7 Antibody [NB100-56588]

Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: TLR7 Antibody [NB100-56588] - Analysis of FFPE human brain using TLR7 antibody at 1:20 on a Bond Rx autostainer (Leica Biosystems). The assay involved 20 minutes of heat induced antigen retrieval (HIER) using 10 mM sodium citrate buffer (pH 6.0) and endogenous peroxidase quenching with peroxide block. The sections were incubated with primary antibody for 30 minutes and Bond Polymer Refine Detection (Leica Biosystems) with DAB was used for signal development followed by counterstaining with hematoxylin. Whole slide scanning and capturing of representative images was performed using Aperio AT2 (Leica Biosystems). Neuronal staining of TLR7 was observed. Staining was performed by Histowiz.
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Applications for TLR7 Antibody

Application
Recommended Usage

Flow (Cell Surface)

reported in scientific literature (Wong et al (2007))

Flow (Intracellular)

0.5 - 2 ug/1x10^6 cells

Immunohistochemistry

1:10 - 1:500

Immunohistochemistry-Frozen

1:20. Use 1:20

Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin

1:10 - 1:50
Application Notes
Immunohistochemistry-Frozen reported in scientific literature (Chen et al (2005))
Please Note: Optimal dilutions of this antibody should be experimentally determined.

Formulation, Preparation, and Storage

Purification

Immunogen affinity purified

Formulation

PBS

Preservative

0.05% Sodium Azide

Concentration

1 mg/ml

Shipping

The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.

Stability & Storage

Store at 4C short term. Aliquot and store at -20C long term. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.

Background: TLR7

Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) is a type I transmembrane protein expressed on the surface of endosomes and has a role in pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) recognition and host defense (1-3). TLR7 is primarily expressed in the brain, placenta, spleen, stomach, and lungs (4). TLR7 recognizes microbial single stranded RNA (ssRNA), specifically guanosine and its derivatives (1-3). Human TLR7 cDNA encodes a 1049 amino acid (aa) protein with a theoretical molecular weight (MW) of 120.9 kDa (4). The TLR7 protein consists of a signal sequence, an 813 aa extracellular domain containing leucine-rich repeats (LRRs) which form a horseshoe-like shape, a 21 aa transmembrane domain, and a 189 aa cytoplasmic domain with cytosolic Toll-interleukin-1 receptor homology (TIR) domains (1,2,4). TLR7 and its fellow subfamily members, TLR8 and TLR9, possess a characteristic Z-loop between two LRRs with proteolytic Z-loop processing required for TLR activation (2). Z-loop cleavage in TLR7 allows for guanosine and uridine-rich ssRNA binding to the 1st and 2nd ligand binding site, respectively (2). The TIR domain associates with the adaptor protein myeloid differentiation primary response protein (MyD88) to initiate downstream signaling (1-3,5,6). Following activation by PAMPs, TLR7 dimerizes and bound MyD88 interacts with interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase-4 (IRAK-4) (1,5). Together the complex recruits IRAK-1 and IRAK-2, which become phosphorylated, and interact with tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) (1,5). TRAF6 induces the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), and interferon-regulatory factor 7 (IRF7), leading to interferon production and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion associated with immune response (1,5).

While TLRs play an important role in innate immune response, dysfunction in the TLR-MyD88 signaling cascade has also been reported in various autoimmune disorders (5,6). Elevated expression of TLR7 is associated with increased risk of system lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune disease involving B cell hyperactivity (6,7). Studies involving mouse models has also found that increased TLR7 expression predisposes mice to a lupus-like disease (7). Therapeutics targeting TLR7 have been developed to either enhance or inhibit its activity depending on the circumstance. For example, TLR7 agonists such as imiquimod, resiquimod, and 852A are used to increase TLR7 activity for treatment of cancers and to fight viral infections (7,8). On the other hand, TLR7 antagonists inhibit its activation and have been developed to combat chronic immune stimulation as seen in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases (8).

References

1. Petes C, Odoardi N, Gee K. The Toll for Trafficking: Toll-Like Receptor 7 Delivery to the Endosome. Front Immunol. 2017;8:1075. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2017.01075

2. Maeda K, Akira S. TLR7 Structure: Cut in Z-Loop. Immunity. 2016;45(4):705-707. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2016.10.003

3. Krieg AM, Vollmer J. Toll-like receptors 7, 8, and 9: linking innate immunity to autoimmunity. Immunol Rev. 2007;220:251-269. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-065X.2007.00572.x

4. Uniprot (Q9NYK1)

5. Zheng C, Chen J, Chu F, Zhu J, Jin T. Inflammatory Role of TLR-MyD88 Signaling in Multiple Sclerosis. Front Mol Neurosci. 2020;12:314. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2019.00314

6. Chi H, Li C, Zhao FS, et al. Anti-tumor Activity of Toll-Like Receptor 7 Agonists. Front Pharmacol. 2017;8:304. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2017.00304

7. Fillatreau S, Manfroi B, Dorner T. Toll-like receptor signalling in B cells during systemic lupus erythematosus. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2021;17(2):98-108. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41584-020-00544-4

8. Patinote C, Karroum NB, Moarbess G, et al. Agonist and antagonist ligands of toll-like receptors 7 and 8: Ingenious tools for therapeutic purposes. Eur J Med Chem. 2020;193:112238. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112238

Long Name

Toll-like Receptor 7

Alternate Names

toll-like receptor 7

Entrez Gene IDs

51284 (Human); 170743 (Mouse)

Gene Symbol

TLR7

UniProt

Q9NYK1

Additional TLR7 Products

Product Documents for TLR7 Antibody

Product Datasheets

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Product Specific Notices for TLR7 Antibody

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

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