TLR7 Antibody - Azide Free

Novus Biologicals, part of Bio-Techne | Catalog # NBP2-24905

Novus Biologicals, part of Bio-Techne

Key Product Details

Species Reactivity

Validated:

Human, Mouse, Rat

Cited:

Human, Mouse

Applications

Validated:

Flow Cytometry, Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence, Immunohistochemistry, Immunohistochemistry-Frozen, Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin, Immunoprecipitation, Western Blot

Cited:

Block/Neutralize, Flow Cytometry, Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence, Immunohistochemistry-Frozen, Immunoprecipitation, Western Blot

Label

Unconjugated

Antibody Source

Polyclonal Rabbit IgG

Format

Azide Free

Concentration

1.0 mg/ml

View all TLR7 Antibodies »

Product Specifications

Immunogen

This antibody was developed against KLH-conjugated synthetic peptide corresponding to amino acids 706-749 of human TLR7; GenBank no. gb|AAF78035.1|AF245702_1. It will cross-react with mouse TLR7. In human Ramos cells, additional bands are seen.

Clonality

Polyclonal

Host

Rabbit

Isotype

IgG

Scientific Data Images for TLR7 Antibody - Azide Free

Western Blot: TLR7 AntibodyAzide Free [NBP2-24905]

Western Blot: TLR7 AntibodyAzide Free [NBP2-24905]

Western Blot: TLR7 Antibody - Azide Free [NBP2-24905] - analysis of TLR7 in RAW cell lysate using this antibody.
Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence: TLR7 Antibody - Azide Free [NBP2-24905]

Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence: TLR7 Antibody - Azide Free [NBP2-24905]

Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence: TLR7 Antibody - Azide Free [NBP2-24905] - Immunolocalization of TLR7 (A) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) (B) in murine myenteric plexus. Most of the GFAP positive cells were also positive for TLR7 in the merged image (C, yellow staining). (Courtesy of Barajon I, et al., Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry, 57(11): 1013-;1023, 2009.) Image using the standard format of this product.
Immunohistochemistry: TLR7 Antibody - Azide Free [NBP2-24905]

Immunohistochemistry: TLR7 Antibody - Azide Free [NBP2-24905]

Immunohistochemistry: TLR7 Antibody - Azide Free [NBP2-24905] - The expression of TLR-7 in the hippocampal brain region. The immunofluorescence of TLR7 recognized by Alexa 488, green. GFAP recognized by Alexa 594, red. NEUN recognized by Alexa 633, (blue) and merged image in the hippocampal region. NeuN and GFAP were applied to show the distribution of TLR7 within neuronal and supportive tissue populations. Scale bar 80 um. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (//doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0222818) licensed under a CC-BY license. Image using the standard format of this product.
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Applications for TLR7 Antibody - Azide Free

Application
Recommended Usage

Flow Cytometry

1ul/1 million cells

Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence

1:10-1:500

Immunohistochemistry-Frozen

1:10-1:500

Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin

1:10-1:500

Immunoprecipitation

reported in scientific literature (PMID 17452530)

Western Blot

1-3 ug/ml

Formulation, Preparation, and Storage

Purification

Protein G purified

Formulation

Sterile PBS

Format

Azide Free

Preservative

No Preservative

Concentration

1.0 mg/ml

Shipping

The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.

Stability & Storage

Store at 4C short term. Aliquot and store at -20C long term. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.

Background: TLR7

Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) is a type I transmembrane protein expressed on the surface of endosomes and has a role in pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) recognition and host defense (1-3). TLR7 is primarily expressed in the brain, placenta, spleen, stomach, and lungs (4). TLR7 recognizes microbial single stranded RNA (ssRNA), specifically guanosine and its derivatives (1-3). Human TLR7 cDNA encodes a 1049 amino acid (aa) protein with a theoretical molecular weight (MW) of 120.9 kDa (4). The TLR7 protein consists of a signal sequence, an 813 aa extracellular domain containing leucine-rich repeats (LRRs) which form a horseshoe-like shape, a 21 aa transmembrane domain, and a 189 aa cytoplasmic domain with cytosolic Toll-interleukin-1 receptor homology (TIR) domains (1,2,4). TLR7 and its fellow subfamily members, TLR8 and TLR9, possess a characteristic Z-loop between two LRRs with proteolytic Z-loop processing required for TLR activation (2). Z-loop cleavage in TLR7 allows for guanosine and uridine-rich ssRNA binding to the 1st and 2nd ligand binding site, respectively (2). The TIR domain associates with the adaptor protein myeloid differentiation primary response protein (MyD88) to initiate downstream signaling (1-3,5,6). Following activation by PAMPs, TLR7 dimerizes and bound MyD88 interacts with interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase-4 (IRAK-4) (1,5). Together the complex recruits IRAK-1 and IRAK-2, which become phosphorylated, and interact with tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) (1,5). TRAF6 induces the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), and interferon-regulatory factor 7 (IRF7), leading to interferon production and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion associated with immune response (1,5).

While TLRs play an important role in innate immune response, dysfunction in the TLR-MyD88 signaling cascade has also been reported in various autoimmune disorders (5,6). Elevated expression of TLR7 is associated with increased risk of system lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune disease involving B cell hyperactivity (6,7). Studies involving mouse models has also found that increased TLR7 expression predisposes mice to a lupus-like disease (7). Therapeutics targeting TLR7 have been developed to either enhance or inhibit its activity depending on the circumstance. For example, TLR7 agonists such as imiquimod, resiquimod, and 852A are used to increase TLR7 activity for treatment of cancers and to fight viral infections (7,8). On the other hand, TLR7 antagonists inhibit its activation and have been developed to combat chronic immune stimulation as seen in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases (8).

References

1. Petes C, Odoardi N, Gee K. The Toll for Trafficking: Toll-Like Receptor 7 Delivery to the Endosome. Front Immunol. 2017;8:1075. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2017.01075

2. Maeda K, Akira S. TLR7 Structure: Cut in Z-Loop. Immunity. 2016;45(4):705-707. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2016.10.003

3. Krieg AM, Vollmer J. Toll-like receptors 7, 8, and 9: linking innate immunity to autoimmunity. Immunol Rev. 2007;220:251-269. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-065X.2007.00572.x

4. Uniprot (Q9NYK1)

5. Zheng C, Chen J, Chu F, Zhu J, Jin T. Inflammatory Role of TLR-MyD88 Signaling in Multiple Sclerosis. Front Mol Neurosci. 2020;12:314. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2019.00314

6. Chi H, Li C, Zhao FS, et al. Anti-tumor Activity of Toll-Like Receptor 7 Agonists. Front Pharmacol. 2017;8:304. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2017.00304

7. Fillatreau S, Manfroi B, Dorner T. Toll-like receptor signalling in B cells during systemic lupus erythematosus. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2021;17(2):98-108. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41584-020-00544-4

8. Patinote C, Karroum NB, Moarbess G, et al. Agonist and antagonist ligands of toll-like receptors 7 and 8: Ingenious tools for therapeutic purposes. Eur J Med Chem. 2020;193:112238. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112238

Long Name

Toll-like Receptor 7

Alternate Names

toll-like receptor 7

Gene Symbol

TLR7

Additional TLR7 Products

Product Documents for TLR7 Antibody - Azide Free

Product Datasheets

Certificate of Analysis

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Product Specific Notices for TLR7 Antibody - Azide Free

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

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