INTENDED USE & DESCRIPTION
For use as quantitative controls for the determination of cytokine concentrations in biological fluids. Concentrations have been assigned using R&D Systems’ Quantikine® kits. Controls are prepared in a buffered protein solution with preservatives. They contain recombinant human cytokines at low, medium and high concentrations. Controls are supplied lyophilized.
STORAGE & STABILITY
Unreconstituted Controls should be stored at 2-8 °C and are stable for at least 6 months from date of receipt. Depending on the analyte of interest, reconstituted controls may be stable when stored at
REAGENT PREPARATION
Reconstitute each vial with the volume of deionized or distilled water indicated on the product datasheet.
PROCEDURE & EXPECTED VALUES
Controls should be assayed in the same manner as unknown specimens.
The acceptable ranges for the analytes in these controls are printed on the product datasheet. Due to possible variations in techniques and methodologies, it is recommended that each laboratory determine its own target range. Laboratories using other test systems should establish their own acceptable ranges as these assays may produce different values.
TECHNICAL HINTS & LIMITATIONS OF THE PROCEDURE
• The ranges were determined using R&D Systems’ Quantikine kits. If expected values are not obtained, verify that the lot numbers on the vials correspond with the lot numbers listed above and the correct volume of deionized or distilled water was used for reconstitution of the controls.
• The results obtained with these controls depend upon several factors associated with methods and instrumentation. Test systems other than those supplied by R&D Systems may result in values that differ from those printed on this product datasheet.
CD163, also known as M130 and p155, is a transmembrane scavenger receptor that is expressed on monocytes and macrophages and is inducible by immunosuppressant glucocorticoids and IL-10. A soluble form is shed from the cell surface by TACE or neutrophil elastase mediated cleavage in response to oxidative stress, Prostaglandin F2a stimulation, or the activation of Fc gamma receptors, TLR1, 2, 5, or 6. CD163 mediates monocyte binding to bacteria, leading to the release of inflammatory cytokines. It is essential for the circulatory clearance of hemoglobin-haptoglobin (Hb-Hp) complexes as well as free hemoglobin. It can also mediate monocyte-erythroblast adhesion and promote erythroblast expansion. CD163 binds and internalizes the cytokine TWEAK, and the ratio of soluble CD163 to TWEAK in the plasma is elevated during atherosclerosis.
