AKT3 Recombinant Protein Antigen

Novus Biologicals, part of Bio-Techne | Catalog # NBP1-80900PEP

Novus Biologicals, part of Bio-Techne
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Key Product Details

Source

E. coli

Tag

N-terminal His6ABP (ABP = Albumin Binding Protein derived from Streptococcal Protein G)

Conjugate

Unconjugated

Applications

Antibody Competition

View all Akt3 Proteins and Enzymes »

Product Specifications

Description

A recombinant protein antigen with a N-terminal His6-ABP tag corresponding to human AKT3.

Source: E. coli

Amino Acid Sequence: EEREEWTEAIQAVADRLQRQEEERMNCSPTSQIDNIGEEEMDASTTHHKRKTMNDFDYLKLL

Fusion Tag: N-terminal His6ABP (ABP = Albumin Binding Protein derived from Streptococcal Protein G)

This product is intended to be used as a blocking antigen for antibody competition assays. Any other use of this antigen is done at the risk of the user. The use of this product for commercial production is strictly prohibited. Please contact technical support if you have any questions.

Purity

>80% by SDS-PAGE and Coomassie blue staining

Predicted Molecular Mass

25 kDa.
Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.

Applications

Antibody Competition (10 - 100 molar excess)

Application Notes

This recombinant antigen is only intended to be used as a blocking agent to confirm antibody specificity with the corresponding antibody, catalog number NBP1-80900.

It is purified by IMAC chromatography, and the expected concentration is greater than 0.5 mg/ml.

For current lot information, including availability, please contact our technical support team click nb-technical@bio-techne.com

Protein / Peptide Type

Recombinant Protein Antigen

Formulation, Preparation and Storage

NBP1-80900PEP
Formulation PBS and 1M Urea, pH 7.4.
Preservative No Preservative
Concentration Please see the vial label for concentration. If unlisted please contact technical services.
Shipping The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage Store at -20C. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.

Background: Akt3

AKT (also known as protein kinase B (PKB) and RAC (related to A and C kinases)) is a critical intracellular serine/threonine kinase that translates signals from extracellular stimuli including growth factors, cytokines and neurotransmitters (1). AKT signaling plays critical roles in cell growth, proliferation, survival and differentiation (1). It is also involved in organogenesis, angiogenesis and metabolism. Three mammalian AKT isoforms have been identified. The AKT pathway can be activated by any of the three members who share a high level of protein homology but are independently encoded by AKT1 (PKB alpha; 14q32.32), AKT2 (PKB beta; 19q13.2), or AKT3 (PKB gamma; 1q44) (1, 2). Each AKT family member contains an N-terminal pleckstrin homology (PH) domain, a central kinase domain, and a C-terminal regulatory domain. AKT mediates many of the downstream events of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K), a lipid kinase activated by growth factors, cytokines and insulin. PI3-K recruits AKT to the membrane, where it is activated by PDK1 phosphorylation. AKT has two main phosphorylation sites (Ser473 and Thr308, predicted molecular weight 56 kDa) (3, 4). Once phosphorylated, AKT dissociates from the membrane and phosphorylates targets in the cytoplasm and the cell nucleus including mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR).

The main function of AKT is to control inhibition of apoptosis and promote cell proliferation. Survival factors can activate AKT Ser473 and Thr308 phosphorylation sites in a transcription-independent manner, resulting in the inactivation of apoptotic signaling transduction through the tumor suppressor PTEN, an antagonist to PI3-K (5). PTEN exerts enzymatic activity as a phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) phosphatase, opposing PI3K activity by decreasing availability of PIP3 to proliferating cells, leading to overexpression and inappropriate activation of AKT noted in many types of cancer.

AKT1 function has been linked to overall physiological growth and function (2). AKT1 has been correlated with proteus syndrome, a rare disorder characterized by overgrowth of various tissues caused by a mosaic variant in the AKT1 gene in humans.

AKT2 is strongly correlated with Type II diabetes, including phenotypes of insulin resistance, hyperglycemia and atherosclerosis (2, 6).

The function of AKT3 is specifically associated to brain development, where disruptions to AKT3 are correlated with microcephaly, hemimegalencephaly, megalencephaly and intellectual disabilities (2).

References

1. Ersahin, T., Tuncbag, N., & Cetin-Atalay, R. (2015). The PI3K/AKT/mTOR interactive pathway. Mol Biosyst, 11(7), 1946-1954. doi:10.1039/c5mb00101c

2. Cohen, M. M., Jr. (2013). The AKT genes and their roles in various disorders. Am J Med Genet A, 161a(12), 2931-2937. doi:10.1002/ajmg.a.36101

3. Georgescu, M. M. (2010). PTEN Tumor Suppressor Network in PI3K-Akt Pathway Control. Genes Cancer, 1(12), 1170-1177. doi:10.1177/1947601911407325

4. Mishra, P., Paital, B., Jena, S., Swain, S. S., Kumar, S., Yadav, M. K., . . . Samanta, L. (2019). Possible activation of NRF2 by Vitamin E/Curcumin against altered thyroid hormone induced oxidative stress via NFkB/AKT/mTOR/KEAP1 signalling in rat heart. Sci Rep, 9(1), 7408. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-43320-5

5. Wedel, S., Hudak, L., Seibel, J. M., Juengel, E., Oppermann, E., Haferkamp, A., & Blaheta, R. A. (2011). Critical analysis of simultaneous blockage of histone deacetylase and multiple receptor tyrosine kinase in the treatment of prostate cancer. Prostate, 71(7), 722-735. doi:10.1002/pros.21288

6. Rotllan, N., Chamorro-Jorganes, A., Araldi, E., Wanschel, A. C., Aryal, B., Aranda, J. F., . . . Fernandez-Hernando, C. (2015). Hematopoietic Akt2 deficiency attenuates the progression of atherosclerosis. Faseb j, 29(2), 597-610. doi:10.1096/fj.14-262097

Long Name

v-Akt Murine Thymoma Viral Oncogene Homolog 3

Alternate Names

PKB gamma, RAC-gamma

Gene Symbol

AKT3

Additional Akt3 Products

Product Documents for AKT3 Recombinant Protein Antigen

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Certificate of Analysis

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Product Specific Notices for AKT3 Recombinant Protein Antigen

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. This product is guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

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