Recombinant Equine TGF-beta 1 Protein
R&D Systems, part of Bio-Techne | Catalog # 8617-B1
Key Product Details
Source
CHO
Accession #
Structure / Form
Disulfide-linked homodimer
Conjugate
Unconjugated
Applications
Bioactivity
Product Specifications
Source
Chinese Hamster Ovary cell line, CHO-derived equine TGF-beta 1 protein
Ala279-Ser390
Ala279-Ser390
Purity
>95%, by SDS-PAGE with silver staining.
Endotoxin Level
<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.
N-terminal Sequence Analysis
Ala279
Predicted Molecular Mass
13 kDa
SDS-PAGE
11-13 kDa, reducing conditions
Activity
Measured by its ability to inhibit the IL-4-dependent proliferation of HT-2 mouse T cells. Tsang, M. et al. (1995) Cytokine 7:389.
The ED50 for this effect is 0.04-0.2 ng/mL.
The ED50 for this effect is 0.04-0.2 ng/mL.
Formulation, Preparation and Storage
Carrier Free
What does CF mean?CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.
What formulation is right for me?In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.
Carrier: 8617-B1
| Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in HCl with BSA as a carrier protein. |
| Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in 4 mM HCl. |
| Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
| Stability & Storage | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
Carrier Free: 8617-B1/CF
| Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in HCl. |
| Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in 4 mM HCl. |
| Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
| Stability & Storage | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
Background: TGF-beta 1
TGF-beta 1 (transforming growth factor beta 1) is one of three closely related mammalian members of the large TGF-beta superfamily that share a characteristic cystine knot structure (1-7). TGF-beta 1, -2 and -3 are highly pleiotropic cytokines that are proposed to act as cellular switches that regulate processes such as immune function, proliferation, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (1-4). Each TGF-beta isoform has some non-redundant functions; for TGF-beta 1, mice with targeted deletion show defects in hematopoiesis and endothelial differentiation and die of overwhelming inflammation (2). Equine TGF-beta 1 cDNA encodes a 390 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a 29 aa signal peptide and a 361 aa proprotein (8). A furin-like convertase processes the proprotein to generate an N-terminal 249 aa latency-associated peptide (LAP) and a C-terminal 112 aa mature TGF-beta 1 (8, 9). Disulfide-linked homodimers of LAP and TGF-beta 1 remain non-covalently associated after secretion, forming the small latent TGF-beta 1 complex (8-10). Covalent linkage of LAP to one of three latent TGF-beta binding proteins (LTBPs) creates a large latent complex that may interact with the extracellular matrix (9, 10). TGF-beta is activated from latency by pathways that include actions of the protease plasmin, matrix metalloproteases, thrombospondin 1 and a subset of integrins (10). Mature equine TGF-beta 1 shares 98% aa identity with mouse, rat, and human TGF-beta 1, 99% aa identity with pig and dog TGF-beta 1, and 88% aa identity with cow TGF-beta 1. It demonstrates cross-species activity (1). TGF-beta 1 signaling begins with high-affinity binding to a type II Ser/Thr kinase receptor termed TGF-beta RII. This receptor then phosphorylates and activates a second Ser/Thr kinase receptor, TGF-beta RI/ALK-5, or alternatively, ALK-1.This complex phosphorylates and activates Smad proteins that regulate transcription (3, 11, 12). Contributions of the accessory receptors TGF-beta RIII/Betaglycan and Endoglin/CD105, or use of Smad-independent signaling pathways, allow for disparate actions observed in response to TGF-beta in different contexts (11).
References
- Derynck, R. and K. Miyazono (2008) “TGF-beta and the TGF-beta family” in The TGF-beta Family. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press.
- Dunker, N. and K. Krieglstein (2000) Eur. J. Biochem. 267:6982.
- Wahl, S.M. (2006) Immunol. Rev. 213:213.
- Chang, H. et al. (2002) Endocr. Rev. 23:787.
- Lin, J.S. et al. (2006) Reproduction 132:179.
- Hinck, A.P. et al. (1996) Biochemistry 35:8517.
- Mittl, P.R.E. et al. (1996) Protein Sci. 5:1261.
- Derynck, R. et al. (1985) Nature 316:701.
- Miyazono, K. et al. (1988) J. Biol. Chem. 263:6407.
- Oklu, R. and R. Hesketh (2000) Biochem. J. 352:601.
- de Caestecker, M. et al. (2004) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 15:1.
- Zuniga, J.E. et al. (2005) J. Mol. Biol. 354:1052.
Long Name
Transforming Growth Factor beta 1
Alternate Names
TGF beta1, TGFB, TGFB1, TGFbeta 1
Gene Symbol
TGFB1
UniProt
Additional TGF-beta 1 Products
Product Documents for Recombinant Equine TGF-beta 1 Protein
Product Specific Notices for Recombinant Equine TGF-beta 1 Protein
For research use only
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