Recombinant Human GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 (CHO-expressed)
R&D Systems, part of Bio-Techne | Catalog # 6987-GL
Key Product Details
Source
Accession #
Structure / Form
Conjugate
Applications
Product Specifications
Source
Hemagglutinin Tag (YPYDVPDYA) |
GCN4-IZ | GGGSGGGSGGGS | Human GITR Ligand (Glu52-Ser177) Accession # Q9UNG2.3 |
N-terminus | C-terminus |
Purity
Endotoxin Level
N-terminal Sequence Analysis
Predicted Molecular Mass
SDS-PAGE
Activity
The ED50 for this effect is 4-20 ng/mL. The activity can be enhanced approximately 10-fold in the presence of
Mouse Anti-Hemagglutinin/HA Peptide Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB060).
Reviewed Applications
Read 1 review rated 4 using 6987-GL in the following applications:
Formulation, Preparation and Storage
Carrier Free
What does CF mean?CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.
What formulation is right for me?In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.
Carrier: 6987-GL
Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with BSA as a carrier protein. |
Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin. |
Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
Stability & Storage | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
Carrier Free: 6987-GL/CF
Formulation | Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS. |
Reconstitution | Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in PBS. |
Shipping | The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below. |
Stability & Storage | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
|
Background: GITR Ligand/TNFSF18
GITR Ligand, also known as TNFSF18 and TL6, is an approximately 30 kDa type II transmembrane glycoprotein in the TNF superfamily (1). Human GITR Ligand consists of a 50 amino acid (aa) cytoplasmic domain, a 21 aa transmembrane segment, and a 128 aa extracellular domain (ECD) (2, 3). Within the ECD, human GITR Ligand shares 56% and 60% aa sequence identity with mouse and rat GITR Ligand, respectively. GITR Ligand is expressed on antigen presenting cells,
CD4-CD8- double negative thymic precursors, vascular endothelial cells, neurons, and in the eye (4-11). Its expression is transiently up‑regulated by proinflammatory stimulation (4, 8, 11). The binding of GITR Ligand to GITR on mouse CD25+ Treg cells permits the reactivation of T cells from Treg-induced suppression, although this does not appear to occur in humans (5, 9, 12-14). GITR Ligand binding to GITR additionally provides a co‑stimulatory signal to activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and NK cells (5, 6, 15, 16). This interaction also induces reverse signaling in GITR Ligand expressing dendritic cells to suppress cellular activation through the same pathway induced by the immunosuppressant dexamethasone (17). In the brain, GITR Ligand/GITR interactions enhance NGF-mediated neurite outgrowth from sympathetic neurons (10).
References
- Azuma, M. (2010) Crit. Rev. Immunol. 30:547.
- Kwon, B. et al. (1999) J. Biol. Chem. 274:6056.
- Gurney, A.L. et al. (1999) Curr. Biol. 9:215.
- Stephens, G.L. et al. (2004) J. Immunol. 173:5008.
- Tone, M. et al. (2003) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 100:15059.
- Hanabuchi, S. et al. (2006) Blood 107:3617.
- Kamimura, Y. et al. (2009) J. Immunol. 182:2708.
- Hwang, H. et al. (2010) J. Neurosci. Res. 88:2188.
- Tuyaerts, S. et al. (2007) J. Leukoc. Biol. 82:93.
- O’Keefe, G.W. et al. (2008) Nat. Neurosci. 11:135.
- Kim, B.J. et al. (2004) Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 45:3170.
- Shimizu, J. et al. (2002) Nat. Immunol. 3:135.
- Ji, H. et al. (2004) J. Immunol. 172:5823.
- McHugh, R.S. et al. (2002) Immunity 16:311.
- Kanamaru, F. et al. (2004) J. Immunol. 172:7306.
- Ronchetti, S. et al. (2004) Eur. J. Immunol. 34:613.
- Grohmann, U. et al. (2007) Nat. Med. 13:579.
Long Name
Alternate Names
Gene Symbol
UniProt
Additional GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 Products
Product Documents for Recombinant Human GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 (CHO-expressed)
Product Specific Notices for Recombinant Human GITR Ligand/TNFSF18 (CHO-expressed)
For research use only