Recombinant Human PADI4 Protein, CF

R&D Systems, part of Bio-Techne | Catalog # 6660-AD

R&D Systems, part of Bio-Techne
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6660-AD-010
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Key Product Details

Source

E. coli

Accession #

AAH25718

Conjugate

Unconjugated

Applications

Enzyme Activity

View all PADI4 Proteins and Enzymes »

Product Specifications

Source

E. coli-derived human PADI4 protein
Ala2-Pro663, with an N-terminal 11 kDa fusion protein, a thrombin cleavage linker and a C-terminal 6-His tag

Purity

>90%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.

Endotoxin Level

<1.0 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

N-terminal Sequence Analysis

Inconclusive result, Met predicted. Protein identity confirmed by MS analysis of tryptic fragments

Predicted Molecular Mass

87 kDa

SDS-PAGE

75-85 kDa, reducing conditions

Activity

Measured by its ability to catalyze the deimination of benzoyl-arginine ethyl ester.
The specific activity is >1000 pmol/min/μg, as measured under the described conditions. www.RnDSystems.com.

Formulation, Preparation and Storage

6660-AD
Formulation Supplied as a 0.2 μm filtered solution in Sodium Acetate, NaCl, DTT, EDTA and Glycerol.
Shipping The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 6 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after opening.

Background: PADI4

Peptidyl-arginine deiminase-4 (PADI4) is a member of the peptide arginine deiminase family, which can catalyze the conversion of peptidyl arginine to citrulline in the presence of calcium ions (1). The process leads to the post-translational modification of proteins. Five isoforms of this family are present in vertebrates: PADI1, 2, 3, 4, and 6. PADI4 is predominantly expressed in blood lymphocytes and has been suggested to play a role in inflammation and the immune response. High expression of PADI4 has been detected in synovial tissues of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients producing autoantibodies that recognize citrulline containing proteins, and the enzyme is also present in monocytes, macrophages, eosinophils and neutrophils of the affected tissue (2). Thus, PADI4 is believed to play a causative role in RA. It also may be involved with transcription and apotosis by antagonizing the methylation of histones H2A, H3, and H4 via deimination which represses hormone (estrogen)-target transcription and interrupts cell apoptosis (3). It is a target gene of p53 in DNA damage response to induce protein citrullination (4). Its high expression in a variety of malignant tumors compared to normal tissues and benign tumors and its detection in the plasma of patients with malignant tumors makes it a potential tumor marker (5). It is also implicated in demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis because of increased expression of PADI2 and PADI4 in myelin isolated from patients with MS (6).

References

  1. Ying, S. et al. (2009) J. Derm. Sci. 53:2.
  2. Kinloch, A. et al. (2008) Arth. & Rheum. 58:2287.
  3. Nakashima, K. et al. (2002) J. Biol. Chem. 277:49562.
  4. Tanikawa, C. et al. (2009) Cancer Res. 69:8761.
  5. Chang, X. and Fang, K. (2010) Cancer Cell Int. 10:7.
  6. Wood, D. D. et al. (2008) Lab. Invest, 88:354.

Long Name

Peptidyl Arginine Deiminase type IV

Alternate Names

HL-60 PAD, PAD, PAD4, PDI4

Entrez Gene IDs

23569 (Human); 18602 (Mouse); 29512 (Rat)

Gene Symbol

PADI4

UniProt

AAH25718

Additional PADI4 Products

Product Documents for Recombinant Human PADI4 Protein, CF

Product Datasheets

Certificate of Analysis

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Product Specific Notices for Recombinant Human PADI4 Protein, CF

For research use only

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