Recombinant Human VEGF-D Protein

R&D Systems, part of Bio-Techne | Catalog # 622-VD

R&D Systems, part of Bio-Techne
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Carrier Free
622-VD-005/CF
622-VD-025/CF
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With Carrier
622-VD-005
622-VD-025
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Key Product Details

Source

Sf 21 (baculovirus)

Accession #

O43915

Conjugate

Unconjugated

Applications

Binding Activity, Bioactivity

View all VEGF-D Proteins and Enzymes »

Product Specifications

Source

Spodoptera frugiperda, Sf 21 (baculovirus)-derived human VEGF-D protein
Phe93-Ser201, with an N-terminal Met and C-terminal 6-His tag

Purity

>95%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain.

Endotoxin Level

<1.0 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

N-terminal Sequence Analysis

Met

Predicted Molecular Mass

13 kDa (monomer)

SDS-PAGE

10-20 kDa, reducing conditions

Activity

Measured in a cell proliferation assay using HMVEC human microvascular endothelial cells. Marconcini, L. et al. (1999) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96:9671.
The ED50 for this effect is 0.1-0.3 µg/mL.

Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA.
Immobilized recombinant human Flt-4 Fc Chimera at 5 µg/mL (100 µL/well) binds Recombinant Human VEGF‑D with an apparent KD <15 nM.

Reviewed Applications

Read 1 review rated 5 using 622-VD in the following applications:

Formulation, Preparation and Storage

Carrier Free
What does CF mean?

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

What formulation is right for me?

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.

Carrier: 622-VD
Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with BSA as a carrier protein.
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin.
Shipping The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Carrier Free: 622-VD/CF
Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS.
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 50 μg/mL in sterile PBS.
Shipping The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: VEGF-D

Vascular endothelial growth factor D (VEGF-D), also known as c-fos-induced growth factor (FIGF), is a secreted glycoprotein of the VEGF/PDGF family. VEGFs regulate angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis during development and tumor growth, and are characterized by eight conserved cysteine residues that form a cystine knot structure (1-3). VEGF-C and VEGF-D, which share 23% amino acid (aa) sequence identity, are uniquely expressed as preproproteins that contain long N- and C‑terminal propeptide extensions around the VEGF homology domain (VHD) (1, 2). Proteolytic processing of the 354 aa VEGF-D preproprotein creates a secreted proprotein. Further processing by extracellular serine proteases, such as plasmin or furin-like proprotein convertases, forms mature VEGF-D consisting of non‑covalently linked 42 kDa homodimers of the 117 aa VHD (4 - 6). Mature human VEGF-D shares 94%, 95%, 99%, 97% and 93% aa identity with mouse, rat, equine, canine and bovine VEGF-D, respectively (4, 5). It is expressed in adult lung, heart, muscle, and small intestine, and is most abundantly expressed in fetal lungs and skin (1-4). Mouse and human VEGF-D are ligands for VEGF Receptor 3 (VEGF R3, also called Flt-4) that are active across species and show enhanced affinity when processed (7). Processed human VEGF-D is also a ligand for VEGF R2, also called Flk-1 or KDR (7). VEGF R3 is strongly expressed in lymphatic endothelial cells and is essential for regulation of the growth and differentiation of lymphatic endothelium (1, 2). While VEGF-C is the critical ligand for VEGF R3 during embryonic lymphatic development, VEGF-D is most active in neonatal lymphatic maturation and bone growth (8‑10). Both promote tumor lymphangiogenesis (11). Consonant with their activity on VEGF receptors, binding of VEGF-C and VEGF-D to neuropilins contributes to VEGF R3 signaling in lymphangiogenesis, while binding to integrin  alpha9 beta1 mediates endothelial cell adhesion and migration (12, 13).

References

  1. Roy, H. et al. (2006) FEBS Lett. 580:2879.
  2. Otrock, Z.H. et al. (2007) Blood Cells Mol. Dis. 38:258.
  3. Yamada, Y. et al. (1997) Genomics 42:483.
  4. Stacker, S.A. et al. (1999) J. Biol. Chem. 274:32127.
  5. McColl, B.K. et al. (2003) J. Exp. Med. 198:863.
  6. McColl, B.K. et al. (2007) FASEB J. 21:1088.
  7. Baldwin, M.E. et al. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276:19166.
  8. Baldwin, M.E. et al. (2005) Mol. Cell. Biol. 25:2441.
  9. Karpanen, T. et al. (2006) Am. J. Pathol. 169:708.
  10. Orlandini, M. et al. (2006) J. Biol. Chem. 281:17961.
  11. Stacker, S.A. et al. (2001) Nature Med. 7:186.
  12. Karpanen, T. et al. (2006) FASEB J. 20:1462.
  13. Vlahakis, N.E. et al. (2005) J. Biol. Chem. 280:4544.

Long Name

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor D/cFos-induced Growth Factor

Alternate Names

FIGF, VEGFD

Entrez Gene IDs

2277 (Human); 14205 (Mouse)

Gene Symbol

VEGFD

UniProt

O43915

Additional VEGF-D Products

Product Documents for Recombinant Human VEGF-D Protein

Product Datasheets

Certificate of Analysis

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Note: Certificate of Analysis not available for kit components.

Download SDS 622-VD (with carrier)
Download SDS 622-VD/CF (carrier free)

Product Specific Notices for Recombinant Human VEGF-D Protein

For research use only

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