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Key Product Details

Species Reactivity

Mouse

Applications

ELISA, Immunohistochemistry, Western Blot

Label

Biotin

Antibody Source

Polyclonal Rabbit IgG

Concentration

Please see the vial label for concentration. If unlisted please contact technical services.

Product Specifications

Immunogen

Mouse IgG whole molecule

Clonality

Polyclonal

Host

Rabbit

Isotype

IgG

Description

For extended storage aliquot contents and freeze at -20C or below. Avoid cycles of freezing and thawing. Centrifuge product if not completely clear after standing at room

This product was prepared from monospecific antiserum by immunoaffinity chromatography using Mouse IgG coupled to agarose beads followed by solid phase adsorption(s) to remove any unwanted reactivities. Assay by immunoelectrophoresis resulted in a single precipitin arc against anti-biotin, anti-Rabbit Serum, Mouse IgG and Mouse Serum.

Scientific Data Images for Rabbit anti-Mouse IgG (H+L) Secondary Antibody [Biotin]

ELISA: Rabbit anti-Mouse IgG (H+L) Secondary Antibody [Biotin] [NB720-B] - ELISA results of purified Rabbit anti-Mouse IgG (H+L) Secondary Antibody [Biotin] tested against purified Mouse IgG. Each well was coated in duplicate with 1.0 ug of Mouse IgG (green line). The starting dilution of antibody was 5ug/ml and the X-axis represents the Log10 of a 3-fold dilution. This titration is a 4-parameter curve fit where the IC50 is defined as the titer of the antibody. Assay performed using blocking buffer, Streptavidin HRP conjugate 1:10000, and TMB substrate.
Rabbit anti-Mouse IgG (H+L) Secondary Antibody [Biotin]

Western Blot: Rabbit anti-Mouse IgG (H+L) Secondary Antibody [Biotin] [NB720-B] -

Western Blot: Rabbit anti-Mouse IgG (H+L) Secondary Antibody [Biotin] [NB720-B] - (A) Confocal microscopy of NCTC liver cells before & after exposure to amifostine (100 μg/ml), for double PDH(red)/phosphoPDH(green), phosphoPDH(red), LDH5 (red) & HIF1 alpha (red) expression. Western blot bands following exposure to 100 & 500 μg/ml of amifostine at 30 min is also shown. (B) Western blot expression of phosphoPDH, PDK1, LDH5 & HIF1 alpha in hepatoma HepG2 cells, at 0, 30 & 60 min following exposure to 100 μg/ml of amifostine. (C) Confocal microscopy of NCTC liver cells before & after exposure to amifostine (100 μg/ml), for HIF1 alpha (green), LDH5 (red), PDK1 (green) & phosphoPDH(red) expression with & without silencing of the HIF1 alpha gene. (D) Acetyl-CoA levels (pmol) in NCTC cells at 0, 30 & 60 min following exposure to 100 μg/ml of amifostine. (E) ATP levels (pmol) in NCTC cells at 0, 30 & 60 min following exposure to 100 μg/ml of amifostine. (F) Time course recording of NCTC & HepG2 cell mitochondrial membrane potentials as assessed with the JC1 method & confocal imaging (0–20 minutes), showed a rapid transient reduction of green (monomer) & red (aggregate) forms of the dye that was subsequently restored to normal levels. (G) Mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) production by NCTC & HepG2 cells, after exposure to 18Gy of ionizing radiation with & without pre-incubation with amifostine, showing a strong effect of amifostine in normal NCTC cells. mtROS were low in hepatoma HepG2 cells compared to NCTC hepatocytes & were increased only in dividing neoplastic cells. Image collected & cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27507219), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.
Rabbit anti-Mouse IgG (H+L) Secondary Antibody [Biotin]

Western Blot: Rabbit anti-Mouse IgG (H+L) Secondary Antibody [Biotin] [NB720-B] -

Western Blot: Rabbit anti-Mouse IgG (H+L) Secondary Antibody [Biotin] [NB720-B] - (A) Western blot images & band densitometry analysis of levels of proteins involved in anaerobic metabolism, as assessed in mouse liver before & after administration of amifostine. Bars show standard deviation & asterisks refer to p-values (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.001). (B) Confocal immunofluorescent microscopy after staining with anti-PDK1/red antibody showing increased cytoplasmic expression in mouse hepatocytes from 0 (i) to 30 min (ii) & regression thereafter (iii). Double immunostaining with PDH/red & phosphorylated pPDH/green (iv), showed an intensification of the expression of the inactive pPDH form of the enzyme 30 min (v) following amifostine injection & trend for restoration of normal PDH levels at 60 min (vi). Confocal immunofluorescent microscopy after staining for LDH1/red showed stable levels of expression in mouse hepatocytes (i,ii,iii). In contrast, LDH5/red expression was sharply induced 30 min following amifostine injection & decreased thereafter (iv, v, vi). Similar patterns were noted for GLUT2 expression (i,ii,iii) & for HIF1 alpha expression (iv,v,iv). (C) Analysis of the fluorescence intensity of confocal microscopy images (from five representative tissue areas for each staining). Bars show standard deviation & asterisks refer to p-values (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.001). (D) mRNA expression levels of LDHA, PDK1 & GLUT2 (three mice for each time point) following exposure to amifostine, as measured with quantitative RT-PCR. Bars show standard deviation & asterisks refer to p-values (**p < 0.001). Image collected & cropped by CiteAb from the following publication (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27507219), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by Novus Biologicals.

Applications for Rabbit anti-Mouse IgG (H+L) Secondary Antibody [Biotin]

Application
Recommended Usage

ELISA

1:300000

Immunohistochemistry

1:1000 - 1:5000

Western Blot

1:20000 - 1:10000
Application Notes
This product is available in a variety of formats. Anti-Mouse IgG Biotin Antibody has been tested by ELISA and is suitable for western blot, ELISA and immunohistochemistry as well as other antibody based assays requiring lot-to-lot consistency.
Please Note: Optimal dilutions of this antibody should be experimentally determined.

Formulation, Preparation, and Storage

Purification

Multi-step

Formulation

0.02 M Potassium Phosphate, 0.15 M Sodium Chloride, pH 7.2, 10 mg/mL Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) - Immunoglobulin and Protease free

Preservative

0.01% Sodium Azide

Concentration

Please see the vial label for concentration. If unlisted please contact technical services.

Shipping

The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.

Stability & Storage

Store at 4C short term. Aliquot and store at -20C long term. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.

Background: IgG (H+L)

Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Igs) are critical for immunity and are grouped into five primary classes: IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD, and IgE. The most abundant antibody isotype is immunoglobulin G (IgG) with concentrations ranging from 7.5-22 mg/ml in human serum and has a molecular weight of 150 kDa. The major effector functions of IgG include neutralization, opsonization, complement fixation and antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). This monomeric immunoglobulin, expressed on the surface of mature B cells, is often depicted as a Y-shape and comprised of 2 heavy chains and 2 light chains linked by disulfide bonds. The heavy chain is type gamma including subtypes gamma 1, gamma 2, gamma 3, and gamma 4 while the light chain is either a kappa or lambda chain. An IgG molecule has two antigen binding sites, each consisting of a heavy and light chain N-terminal variable domain. When combined with the constant heavy chain 1 (Ch1) and the constant light chain domains, it forms the fragment antigen-binding (Fab) region (2 per antibody). The remaining domains (Ch2-Ch4) of both heavy chains make up the Fc region and contain a site for covalently linking an enzymatic or fluorochrome probe, such as HRP or Janelia Fluor 549, for target detection and visualization (1,2,3).

The 4 IgG subclasses, sharing 95% amino acid identity, include IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4 for humans and IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, and IgG3 for mice. The relative abundance of each human subclass is 60% for IgG1, 32% for IgG2, 4% for IgG3, and 4% for IgG4. In an IgG deficiency, there may be a shortage of one or more subclasses (4).

References

1. Painter RH. (1998) Encyclopedia of Immunology (Second Edition). Elsevier. 1208-1211

2. Chapter 9 - Antibodies. (2012) Immunology for Pharmacy. Mosby 70-78

3. Schroeder H, Cavacini, L. (2010) Structure and Function of Immunoglobulins. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 125(2 0 2): S41-S52. PMID: 20176268

4. Vidarsson G, Dekkers G, Rispens T. (2014) IgG subclasses and allotypes: from structure to effector functions. Front Immunol. 5:520. PMID: 25368619

Additional IgG (H+L) Products

Product Documents for Rabbit anti-Mouse IgG (H+L) Secondary Antibody [Biotin]

Certificate of Analysis

To download a Certificate of Analysis, please enter a lot number in the search box below.

Product Specific Notices for Rabbit anti-Mouse IgG (H+L) Secondary Antibody [Biotin]

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Secondary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

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