Cytosolic Sulfotransferase 1B1/SULT1B1: Proteins and Enzymes

Cytosolic Sulfotransferases are a family of phase II drug-metabolizing enzymes that catalyze the sulfation of many endogenous and xenobiotic substrates. They have important functions in the metabolism of many endogenous compounds including steroids, bile acids, thyroid hormones and monoamine neurotransmitters. They are distributed throughout the body and serve to inactivate and increase water-solubility of xenobiotics and therapeutic drugs. Cytosolic sulfotransferases are distinct from Golgi resident sulfotransferases by lacking N-terminal signal-anchorage domains and residing only in the cytoplasm. SULT1B1 is primarily expressed in the liver, peripheral blood leukocytes, colon, spleen and small intestine and can sulfate thyroid hormones and small phenols. Human SULT1B1 shows 72.3% amino acid sequence identity to mouse SULT1B1.