DIO1: Proteins and Enzymes

Dio-1 (Death Inducer-Obliterator-1) is a putative transcription factor that contains two zinc finger motifs. Dio-1 translocates to the nucleus, and activates apoptosis during limb development. Programmed cell death, a highly regulated form of apoptosis, plays an important role in determining the amount of tissue, the shape, and the definition of each digit during limb development. Dio-1 expression is upregulated when an apoptotic signal is detected, and subsequently apoptosis is induced. This process is similar to the expression of NFkappaB and NGF in response to external signals. Dio-1 expression is suppressed by caspase inhibitors and Bcl-2 expression. This supports the theory that Dio-1 functions in the onset of programmed cell death.