Human/Rat EGLN1/PHD2 Antibody

PHD2 (Prolyl Hydroxylase Domain-containing protein 2; also HPH2, EGLN1 and HIF-PH2) is a 45-47 kDa dioxygenase member of the PH family of enzymes. It is ubiquitously expressed, and serves to regulate the availability of the oxygen-sensitive HIF transcription factor. Active HIF1 alpha is a heterodimer of alpha- and beta-subunits and when intact, promotes VEGF and EPO production. The beta-subunit is constitutively expressed, while alpha-subunit levels are regulated by intracellular oxygen concentration. At normoxic levels, the alpha-subunit is hydroxylated on Pro by one of three PHDs, inducing its ubiquitination/degradation. The hydroxylation event requires oxygen, and thus PH activity (particularly PHD2) is a measure of a cell's oxygen concentration. Human PHD2 is 426 amino acids (aa) in length. It contains an NES (aa 6-20), a Zn-finger region (aa 21-58), and a catalytic domain (aa 291-392). There are five nitrosylated cysteines plus one acetylated alanine. Two isoform variants are known, one that shows a deletion of aa 338-359, and another that contains a 17 aa substitution for aa 58-175. Over aa 157-426, human PHD2 shares 93% aa sequence identity with mouse PHD2.