Human CTLA-4 ELISA Kit (Colorimetric)

Novus Biologicals, part of Bio-Techne | Catalog # NBP1-91268

Novus Biologicals, part of Bio-Techne
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Key Product Details

Sample Type & Volume Required Per Well

Cell culture supernatant, serum, plasma (EDTA, heparin), amniotic fluid (10 uL)

Sensitivity

0.13 ng/mL

Assay Range

0.16 - 10.0 ng/mL

View all CTLA-4 ELISA Kits »

Product Specifications

Assay Type

Sandwich ELISA

Kit Type

ELISA Kit (Colorimetric)

Reactivity

Human

Specificity

The interference of circulating factors of the immune system was evaluated by spiking these proteins at physiologically relevant concentrations into a human CTLA-4 positive serum. There was no crossreactivity detected.

Precision

Intra-Assay Precision (Precision within an assay) CV% < 4.80%

Inter-Assay Precision (Precision between assays) CV% < 10.40%

Recovery for Human CTLA-4 ELISA Kit (Colorimetric)

Recovery

78%

Scientific Data Images for Human CTLA-4 ELISA Kit (Colorimetric)

ELISA: Human CTLA-4 ELISA Kit (Colorimetric) [NBP1-91268]

ELISA: Human CTLA-4 ELISA Kit (Colorimetric) [NBP1-91268]

ELISA: Human CTLA-4 ELISA Kit (Colorimetric) [NBP1-91268] - CTLA-4 expression in human lung cancer cell lines determined by ELISA. ELISA image submitted by a verified customer review.
ELISA: Human CTLA-4 ELISA Kit (Colorimetric) [NBP1-91268]

ELISA: Human CTLA-4 ELISA Kit (Colorimetric) [NBP1-91268]

ELISA: Human CTLA-4 ELISA Kit (Colorimetric) [NBP1-91268] - Representative standard curve for human sCTLA-4 ELISA. Human sCTLA-4 was diluted in serial 2-fold steps in Sample Diluent.

Kit Contents for Human CTLA-4 ELISA Kit (Colorimetric)

  • Adhesive Films
  • Aluminium pouch(es) with a Microwell Plate coated with monoclonal antibody to human sCTLA-4
  • Assay Buffer Concentrate 20x (PBS with 1% Tween 20 and 10% BSA)
  • Biotin-Conjugate anti-human sCTLA-4 monoclonal antibody
  • Human sCTLA-4 Standard lyophilized, 20 ng/mL upon reconstitution
  • Sample Diluent
  • Stop Solution (1M Phosphoric acid)
  • Streptavidin-HRP
  • Substrate Solution (tetramethyl-benzidine)
  • Wash Buffer Concentrate 20x (PBS with 1% Tween 20)

Preparation and Storage

Shipping

The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.

Stability & Storage

Storage of components varies. See protocol for specific instructions.

Background: CTLA-4

Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Antigen 4 (CTLA-4), also known as CD152, is a cell surface glycoprotein belonging to the immunoglobulin family with a role in regulation of T cell activation (1). Human CTLA-4 is a 223 amino acid (aa) protein with a theoretical molecular weight of 24.6 kDa containing a leader peptide, a IgV-like domain, a transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic tail (1,2). CTLA-4 is both structurally and functionally related with another member of the immunoglobulin-related receptor family, CD28 (1-3). CTLA-4 and CD28 receptors are both expressed by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and share two common ligands, CD80 (B7.1) and CD86 (B7.2), expressed on the surface of antigen presenting cells (APCs) (2,3). While CD28 is present on the plasma membrane of T cells, CTLA-4 is predominantly expressed intracellularly on vesicles in FoxP3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells and activated T cells due to endocytosis (3). While they share ligands, the two receptors have opposing functions in T cell activation; CD28 is involved in activation of T cells, while CTLA-4 functions as a negative regulator of T cell response (2,3). One of the primary functions of CTLA-4 is preventing autoimmunity (1-4).

Similar to programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), CTLA-4 is an inhibitory immune checkpoint protein (3,5). Checkpoint blockade immunotherapy using drugs or antibodies to target CTLA-4 is one of the main approaches for cancer treatment (5). A number of drugs targeting CTLA-4, or a combination of CTLA-4/PD-1, have been approved for treatment of various cancers like melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, and colorectal cancer (5). While blocking CTLA-4 in the tumor microenvironment is a promising cancer therapeutic, the absence of CTLA-4 under normal conditions can have deleterious effects. Studies have found that patients with CTLA-4 deficiency or mutations have clinical features associated with autoimmunity and immune dysregulation (4). Treatment options for CTLA-4 deficiency includes immunoglobulin-replacement therapy, corticosteroids, CTLA-4-immunoglobulin (Ig) fusion protein, and, in life-threatening cases, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (4,6). Additionally, engaging CD80/CD86 with CTLA-4-Ig is a common immunosuppressive treatment for rheumatoid arthritis and kidney transplant recipients (6).

References

1. Romo-Tena, J., Gomez-Martin, D., & Alcocer-Varela, J. (2013). CTLA-4 and autoimmunity: new insights into the dual regulator of tolerance. Autoimmunity reviews, 12(12), 1171-1176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autrev.2013.07.002

2. Hosseini, A., Gharibi, T., Marofi, F., Babaloo, Z., & Baradaran, B. (2020). CTLA-4: From mechanism to autoimmune therapy. International immunopharmacology, 80, 106221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106221

3. Rowshanravan, B., Halliday, N., & Sansom, D. M. (2018). CTLA-4: a moving target in immunotherapy. Blood, 131(1), 58-67. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2017-06-741033

4. Verma, N., Burns, S. O., Walker, L., & Sansom, D. M. (2017). Immune deficiency and autoimmunity in patients with CTLA-4 (CD152) mutations. Clinical and experimental immunology, 190(1), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1111/cei.12997

5. Rotte A. (2019). Combination of CTLA-4 and PD-1 blockers for treatment of cancer. Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR, 38(1), 255. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13046-019-1259-z

6. Bluestone, J. A., St Clair, E. W., & Turka, L. A. (2006). CTLA4Ig: bridging the basic immunology with clinical application. Immunity, 24(3), 233-238. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2006.03.001

Long Name

Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated Molecule 4

Alternate Names

CD152, CTLA4

Gene Symbol

CTLA4

Additional CTLA-4 Products

Product Documents for Human CTLA-4 ELISA Kit (Colorimetric)

Product Datasheets

Certificate of Analysis

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Product Specific Notices for Human CTLA-4 ELISA Kit (Colorimetric)

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. ELISA Kits are guaranteed for 6 months from date of receipt.

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