Recombinant Bovine IL-1 beta/IL-1F2 Protein

Novus Biologicals, part of Bio-Techne | Catalog # NBP2-62436

Novus Biologicals, part of Bio-Techne
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NBP2-62436
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Key Product Details

Source

Pichia pastoris

Accession #

P09428

Conjugate

Unconjugated

Applications

ELISA, Functional Assay

View all IL-1 beta/IL-1F2 Proteins and Enzymes »

Product Specifications

Description

Recombinant bovine interleukin-1 beta.

Source: Pichia pastoris

Amino Acid Sequence: UniProt P09428

Purity

>95%, by SDS-PAGE

Endotoxin Level

Less than 0.5EU/ug

Predicted Molecular Mass

17.7 kDa.
Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.

Protein / Peptide Type

Recombinant Protein

Formulation, Preparation and Storage

NBP2-62436
Preparation Method Recombinant protein expressed in Pichia pastoris
Formulation PBS
Preservative No Preservative
Concentration Lyoph
Reconstitution Reconstitute with 0.5 ml distilled water. Further dilutions should be made in a buffer containing carrier protein. Care should be taken during reconstitution as the protein may appear as a film at the bottom of the vial. Gently mix vial after reconstituti
Shipping The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage Store at 4C. After reconstitution store at -70C.

Background: IL-1 beta/IL-1F2

Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), also called IL-1F2, is a proinflammatory cytokine that functions in host defense following injury or inflammation (1-5). IL-1 beta is expressed by cells of the immune system such as monocytes, macrophage, neutrophils, and hepatocytes (1-3). Human IL-1 beta protein is expressed in the cytoplasm in an inactive precursor form (pro-IL-1 beta) which is 269 amino acids in length with a theoretical molecular weight of 31 kDa (1,4,6). Pro-IL-1 beta is cleaved by IL-1 converting enzyme (ICE), also called caspase-1, generating the 18 kDa mature, active protein that is secreted from cells (1,4,6). Pro-IL-1 beta is produced as a cellular response to molecular signals from pathogens and other processes termed pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) (1,2). PAMPs and DAMPs signal through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) to induce formation of the inflammasome (1,2). The inflammasome is a multi-protein complex made of a PRR, such as Nod-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3(NLRP3), an adaptor, such as apoptosis-associated spec-like protein containing a CARD (ASC), and pro-caspase-1 (1-3,5). Assembly of the inflammasome enables cleavage of pro-caspase-1 into active caspase 1, followed by secretion of activate IL-1 beta (1-3,5).

IL-1 beta binding to its receptor IL-1RI and the downstream signaling contributes to a dual pathophysiological role (3). On one hand, IL-1 beta signaling activates immune cells and drives CD4+ T cell polarization to T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th17 cells, resulting in anti-tumor responses and mediation of acute inflammation (2,3). However, IL-1 beta also supports tumor growth and metastasis driven by multiple mechanisms including chronic inflammation, an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), and angiogenesis (3). Additionally, IL-1 beta signaling been implicated in the pathogenesis of neuroinflammatory diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) such as multiple sclerosis (MS), Alzheimer's disease, and diabetic retinopathy (DR) (2). Mouse studies have shown regression of tumors treated with IL-1 as well as protective effects of IL-1 beta in instances of induced colitis and colon carcinoma (3). Conversely, blocking IL-1 beta has also shown promising effect in cancer treatment, especially when combined with chemotherapeutics (2,3). Approved IL-1 beta monoclonal antibody canakinumab has shown significant therapeutic promise in the treatment of DR (2). Given its multifaceted role in disease, IL-1 beta is a promising therapeutic target.

References

1. Lopez-Castejon G, Brough D. Understanding the mechanism of IL-1beta secretion. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2011;22(4):189-195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cytogfr.2011.10.001

2. Mendiola AS, Cardona AE. The IL-1beta phenomena in neuroinflammatory diseases. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2018;125(5):781-795. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00702-017-1732-9

3. Bent R, Moll L, Grabbe S, Bros M. Interleukin-1 Beta-A Friend or Foe in Malignancies?. Int J Mol Sci. 2018;19(8):2155. https://doi.org/doi:10.3390/ijms19082155

4. Krumm B, Xiang Y, Deng J. Structural biology of the IL-1 superfamily: key cytokines in the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses. Protein Sci. 2014;23(5):526-538. https://doi.org/10.1002/pro.2441

5. He Y, Hara H, Nunez G. Mechanism and Regulation of NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation. Trends Biochem Sci. 2016;41(12):1012-1021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tibs.2016.09.002

6. Uniprot (P01584)

Long Name

Interleukin 1 beta

Alternate Names

IL-1b, IL-1F2, IL1 beta, IL1B

Gene Symbol

IL1B

UniProt

P09428 (Bovine)

Additional IL-1 beta/IL-1F2 Products

Product Documents for Recombinant Bovine IL-1 beta/IL-1F2 Protein

Product Datasheets

Certificate of Analysis

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Product Specific Notices for Recombinant Bovine IL-1 beta/IL-1F2 Protein

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. This product is guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

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