Recombinant Human PD-1 His-tag Avi-tag Protein, CF Best Seller

R&D Systems, part of Bio-Techne | Catalog # AVI8986

Biotinylated
R&D Systems, part of Bio-Techne
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AVI8986-050
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Key Product Details

Learn more about Avi-tag Biotinylated Proteins

Source

HEK293

Accession #

Q15116.3

Structure / Form

Biotinylated via Avi-tag

Conjugate

Biotin

Applications

Bioactivity

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Product Specifications

Source

Human embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived human PD-1 protein
Human PD-1
(Leu25-Thr168)
Accession # Q15116.3		 HHHHHH
Avi-tag
N-terminus C-terminus

Purity

>95%, by SDS-PAGE visualized with Silver Staining and quantitative densitometry by Coomassie® Blue Staining.

Endotoxin Level

<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

N-terminal Sequence Analysis

Leu25

Predicted Molecular Mass

19 kDa

SDS-PAGE

28 - 45 kDa, under reducing conditions.

Activity

Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA.
When 500 ng/mL of Biotinylated Recombinant Human PD-1 His-tag Avi-tag protein is immobilized onto Streptavidin coated plate (Catalog # CP004), it binds to Recombinant Human PD-L1/B7-H1 Fc Chimera (Catalog # 156-B7) with an ED50 of 1.2-7.2 ng/mL.

Scientific Data Images for Recombinant Human PD-1 His-tag Avi-tag Protein, CF

Recombinant Human PD-1 His-tag Avi-tag Protein Binding Activity

Recombinant Human PD-1 His-tag Avi-tag Protein Binding Activity

When 500 ng/mL of Biotinylated Recombinant Human PD-1 His-tag Avi-tag protein is immobilized onto Streptavidin coated plate (Catalog # CP004), it binds to Recombinant Human PD-L1/B7-H1 Fc Chimera (Catalog # 156-B7) with an ED50 of 1.2-7.2 ng/mL.
Recombinant Human PD-1 His-tag Avi-tag Protein Flow Cytometry

Recombinant Human PD-1 His-tag Avi-tag Protein Flow Cytometry

In a functional flow cytometry test, (A) Recombinant Human PD-1 His-tag Avi-tag Protein (Catalog # AVI8986) binds to HEK293 human embryonic kidney cell line transfected with recombinant human PD-L1 and EGFP. Ligand binding was detected by staining cells with APC-conjugated Streptavidin (Catalog # F0050), which does not stain the cells in the absence of recombinant protein (B).
Recombinant Human PD-1 His-tag Avi-tag Protein SDS-PAGE

Recombinant Human PD-1 His-tag Avi-tag Protein SDS-PAGE

2 μg/lane of Biotinylated Recombinant Human PD‑1 His-Tag Avi-tag was resolved with SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) and non-reducing (NR) conditions and visualized by Coomassie® Blue staining, showing bands at 28-45 kDa.
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Formulation, Preparation and Storage

AVI8986
Formulation Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose.
Reconstitution Reconstitute at 200 μg/mL in PBS.
Shipping The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 3 months, ≤ -20 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Background: PD-1

Programmed Death-1 receptor (PD-1), also known as CD279, is type I transmembrane protein belonging to the CD28 family of immune regulatory receptors (1). Other members of this family include CD28, CTLA-4, ICOS, and BTLA (2-5). Mature human PD-1 consists of a 148 amino acid (aa) extracellular region (ECD) with one immunoglobulin-like V-type domain, a 24 aa transmembrane domain, and a 95 aa cytoplasmic region. The human PD-1 ECD shares 65% aa sequence identity with the mouse PD-1 ECD. The cytoplasmic tail contains two tyrosine residues that form the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based switch motif (ITSM) that are important for mediating PD-1 signaling. PD-1 acts as a monomeric receptor and interacts in a 1:1 stoichiometric ratio with its ligands PD-L1 (B7-H1) and PD-L2 (B7-DC) (6, 7). PD‑1 is expressed on activated T cells, B cells, monocytes, and dendritic cells while PD-L1 expression is constitutive on the same cells and also on nonhematopoietic cells such as lung endothelial cells and hepatocytes (8, 9). Ligation of PD-L1 with PD-1 induces co-inhibitory signals on T cells promoting their apoptosis, anergy, and functional exhaustion (10). Thus, the PD-1: PD-L1 interaction is a key regulator of the threshold of immune response and peripheral immune tolerance (11). Finally, blockade of the PD-1: PD-L1 interaction by either antibodies or genetic manipulation accelerates tumor eradication and shows potential for improving cancer immunotherapy (12, 13, 14).

References

  1. Ishida, Y. et al. (1992) EMBO J. 11:3887.
  2. Sharpe, A.H. and G. J. Freeman (2002) Nat. Rev. Immunol. 2:116.
  3. Coyle, A. and J. Gutierrez-Ramos (2001) Nat. Immunol. 2:203.
  4. Nishimura, H. and T. Honjo (2001) Trends Immunol. 22:265.
  5. Watanabe, N et al. (2003) Nat. Immunol. 4:670.
  6. Zhang, X. et al. (2004) Immunity 20:337.
  7. Lázár-Molnár, E. et al. (2008) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 105:10483.
  8. Nishimura, H et al. (1996) Int. Immunol. 8:773.
  9. Keir, M.E. et al. (2008) Annu. Rev. Immunol. 26:677.
  10. Butte, M.J. et al. (2007) Immunity 27:111.
  11. Okazaki, T. et al. (2013) Nat. Immunol. 14:1212.
  12. Iwai, Y. et al. (2002) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99:12293.
  13. Nogrady, B. (2014) Nature 513:S10.
  14. Swaika, A. et al. (2015) Mol. Immunol. 67:4.

Long Name

Programmed Death-1

Alternate Names

CD279, PD1, PDCD1, SLEB2

Entrez Gene IDs

5133 (Human); 18566 (Mouse); 301626 (Rat); 100533201 (Porcine); 486213 (Canine); 102123659 (Cynomolgus Monkey)

Gene Symbol

PDCD1

UniProt

Q15116.3

Additional PD-1 Products

Product Documents for Recombinant Human PD-1 His-tag Avi-tag Protein, CF

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Product Specific Notices for Recombinant Human PD-1 His-tag Avi-tag Protein, CF

For research use only

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