Adiponectin/Acrp30: Proteins and Enzymes

Adiponectin (Acrp30) is secreted primarily by adipocytes and induces multiple paracrine and endocrine effects on metabolism and inflammation. Adiponectin promotes insulin sensitivity, decreased serum glucose and triglyceride levels, and increased serum glucagon levels. It promotes fatty acid uptake and oxidation, glucose uptake, and lactate production in skeletal muscle. Adiponectin promotes the development of M2 macrophages and promotes the C1qRp mediated clearance of apoptotic cell debris. Decreased plasma HMW Adiponectin levels are associated with upper body obesity, insulin resistance, reduced fatty acid oxidation, dyslipidemia, coronary artery disease, and atherogenesis. Adiponectin forms homotrimers, hexamers, and high molecular weight (HMW) complexes and signals through the receptors AdipoR1 and AdipoR2.