Cytosolic Sulfotransferase 1A3/SULT1A3: Proteins and Enzymes

Cytosolic sulfotransferases are a family of Phase II drug-metabolizing enzymes that catalyze the sulfation of many endogenous and xenobiotic substrates. They have important roles in the metabolism of many endogenous compounds including steroids, bile acids, thyroid hormones and monoamine neurotransmitters. They are widely distributed throughout the body and serve to inactivate and increase water-solubility of xenobiotics and therapeutic drugs. They are distinct from Golgi resident sulfotransferases by lacking N-terminal signal-anchor domains and residing only in the cytoplasm. SULT1A3 catalyzes the sulfation of phenolic monoamines, such as dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin, and phenolic and catecholic drugs. SULT1A3 is also called catecholamine sulfotransferase.