EDA-A1/Ectodysplasin A1: Proteins and Enzymes

Ectodysplasin-A1 (EDA-A1) is a type II transmembrane protein belonging to the TNF superfamily. It is one of multiple isoforms encoded by the EDA gene. Human EDA-A1 is a 391 amino acid protein with a predicted molecular mass of 41 kDa. Mouse and rat EDA-A1 share 94% amino acid sequence identity with the human protein. EDA-A1 is expressed by keratinocytes, hair follicles, and sweat glands, where it can be localized to the cell surface or cleaved into a soluble form by Furin. EDA-A1 forms a homotrimeric protein that binds to EDAR and activates NF-kappa B signaling. Mutations in EDA are associated with a group of developmental disorders identified as ectodermal dysplasia type 1.