PEDFR/PNPLA2: Proteins and Enzymes

PEDFR (Pigment epithelium derived factor receptor; also ATGL, PNPLA2 and desnutrin) is a 55 kDa member of the PNPLA family of proteins. It is expressed in adipocytes, hepatocytes, skeletal muscle and pigment epithelium. PEDFR specifically hydrolyses triglycerides, releasing long-chain fatty acids.

Mouse PEDFR is described as being a 486 amino acid (aa) type II transmembrane (TM) protein. Its TM segment is stated to span aa 9 - 29. Alternatively, it may have a hydrophobic lipid-association domain between aa 267 - 295. It contains a palatin domain (aa 10 - 179) with a conserved GxSxG enzymatic motif. There are multiple splice forms. Two show alternate start sites at Met57 and Met232, while two others show a deletion of aa 163 - 196 and 253 - 308, respectively. Over aa 62 - 253, mouse PEDFR shares 98% and 93% aa identity with rat and human PEDFR, respectively.